Esophagus Flashcards
Most common agents of infectious esophagitis
Candida albicans Herpes simplex Cytomegalovirus
Diagnosis of esophagitis
Barium swallow Endoscopy w biopsy to make definite dx
Treatment for candida
Oral nystatin or clotrimazole or PO/IV fluconazole in AIDS patients
Treatment for herpes esophagitis
PO/IV acyclovir
Treatment for cytomegalovirus
IV ganciclovir or IV foscarnet
Treatment for pill-induced esophagitis
Sucralfate suspension
Disorder caused by degeneration of nerves in Auerbach’s plexus, vagus nerve, and swallowing center
Achalasia; most common esophageal motor disorder
Diagnosis of achalasia - barium swallow shows what?
Dilated esophagus, air fluid level, delayed esophageal emptying, and smooth tapered “bird’s beak” deformity at the LES (lower esophageal sphincter)
Smooth muscle relaxer medication
nifedipine (CCB)
Sore throat with vesicles that ulcerate to form small, shallow, volvanic-shaped ulcers. How to treat?
Dx: Herpes esophagitis Tx: PO/IV acyclovir
Sore throat w large, deep, often linear ulcers. How to treat?
Dx: Cytomegalovirus esophagitis Tx: IV ganciclovir
Sore throat w white plaques. How to treat?
Dx: Candida esophagitis Tx: PO nystatin or clotrimazole or PO/IV fluconazole
Upper Gi bleeding after vomiting/retching and drinking alcohol. What is procedure to diagnose?
Dx: Mallory-Weiss tear by endoscopy Tx: Most tears stop spontaneously
Sxs include progressive dysphagia, first solids then liquids. What is procedure to diagnose?
Dx: Neoplasm cancer Procedure: Barium esophagram and upper endoscopy with biopsy
What neoplasm is typically found in distal esophagus?
Adenocarcinoma
What neoplasm is typically found in middle or distal esophagus?
Squamous cell
Plummer-Vinson syndrome is often associated w what anemia?
Associated w iron deficiency anemia
Sx: intermittent solid food dysphagia
Sx include spontaneous regurgitation several hours after eating indicate what possible disorder?
Treatment?
Zenker’s Diverticulum: outpouching of esophagus with dysphagia and regurgitation
Dx: barium esophagram
Tx: Surgery
Patient is dx’d w esophageal varices via endoscopy. What treatment do you choose to treat?
- IV vasopressin
- IV nitroglycerin
- IV octreotide
- balloon tamponade
- Endoscopy hemostasis
Presents w hx of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. What do you expect for labs?
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Elevated bilirubin
- Elevated PT
- Decreased albumin
- Decreased cholesterol
