ESL TExES

Question 1

Candidates demonstrate
understanding of language as a system, including phonology, morphology, syntax, pragmatics and semantics, and support
ELLs as they acquire English language and literacy in order to achieve in the content areas.

Answer 1

Standard 1.A

Question 2

Phonology

Answer 2

The sound system

Question 3

Morphology

Answer 3

The structure of words; 2 types free and bound

Question 4

Syntax

Answer 4

Phrase and sentence structures; classes and functinos

Question 5

Semantics

Answer 5

linguistic meaning apart from pragmatic factors

Question 6

Pragmatics

Answer 6

The effect of context on language; the study of the aspects of meaning and language use that are dependent on the speaker, the addressee and other features of the context of utterance

Question 7

Candidates understand and
apply theories and research
in language acquisition and
development to support their
ELLs’ English language and
literacy learning and content area achievement.

Answer 7

Standard 1.B

Question 8

Literacy

Answer 8

involves learning to think and reason, and to view and visually represent pictorial and
graphical as well as textual representations of ideas and information

Question 9

Academic language is needed-

Answer 9

for students to effectively learn and participate in the mainstream classroom

Question 10

Cognate

Answer 10

words that have a common origin; 2 types- true (mosquito) and partial (frangancia/fragrance)

Question 11

Discourse

Answer 11

a continuous stretch of speech or written text, going beyond a sentence to express thought. Different than speech*

Question 12

Graphophonics

Question 13

Language Registers

Answer 13

Situational context is influenced by what is being talked/written about and the relationship between those speakers; 5 types

Question 14

Lexical Ambiguity

Answer 14

some words have 2 or more meanings. bank, pool, etc

Question 15

Lexicon

Answer 15

A lexicon is the knowledge that a native speaker has about a language.

Question 16

Phoneme

Answer 16

Distinctive sounds in a word.

Question 17

Phonics

Answer 17

the systems of relationships between the letters and sounds in a language

Question 18

Phonological Awareness

Answer 18

The ability to recognize that words are made up of a variety of sound units

Question 19

the cognitive approach

Answer 19

emphasizes extemporaneous conversation, immersion, and other techniques intended to simulate the environment in which most people acquire their native language as children.

Question 20

Frozen Register

Answer 20

Pledges, Lord’s prayer

Question 21

Constitutional Register

Answer 21

language that remains unchanged

Question 22

Formal/Academic Register

Answer 22

Interviews, academic language, public speajing

Question 23

Consultative Register

Answer 23

talking to a boss, teacher, doctor, counselor

Question 24

Casual Register

Answer 24

informal, friends, writing drafts

Question 25

Intimate Register

Answer 25

“language of lovers”

Question 26

Affixes

Answer 26

Prefixes, infixes, suffixes

Question 27

L1 and L2 acquisition

Answer 27

Using scaffolding, teachers build on L1 knowledge to teach L2, focused on conversational language.

Question 28

Natural Approach

Question 29

Memorization

Question 30

Categorization

Question 31

Generalization

Question 32

Metacognition

Question 33

First and second language effect

Question 34

Idiomatic Expressions

Question 35

First language interference

Answer 35

When the learners L1’s grammar rules transfer incorrectly into the learning of L2. “los ojos azules” = “the blues eyes”

Question 36

CALLA- Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach

Answer 36

uses carefully designed lesson plans tied to content curriculum, teachers explicitly teach learning strategies and have students apply them to instructional tasks.

Question 37

Communicative Competence

Question 38

GLAD- Guided Language Acquisition Design

Answer 38

is an instructional approach that incorporates a variety of strategies to support English learners in simultaneously learning content and acquiring language.

Question 39

Immersion

Question 40

QTEL

Answer 40

based on sociocultural and sociolinguistic theories of learning and the central role of language in the learning process.

Question 41

Sheltered Instruction

Answer 41

is a teaching method developed to facilitate high quality instruction for ELs in content area teaching.

Question 42

SIOP- Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol

Answer 42

developed to facilitate high quality instruction for ELs in content area teaching

Question 43

Stages of Language Proficiency

Answer 43

Students learning a second language move through five predictable stages: Preproduction, Early Production, Speech Emergence, Intermediate Fluency, and Advanced Fluency

Question 44

TPR- Total Physical Response

Answer 44

a tool used in SIOP for comprehensive input. It uses body movement to accelerate language acquisition

Question 45

Language Transfers

Answer 45

a situation where the learning of a skill in one language transfers to a second language. 2 types: positive and negative

Question 46

Positive Transfer (Facilitate)

Answer 46

Cognate- L2 (English) word has a similar meaning to L1 (native language) word.

Question 47

Negative Transfer

Answer 47

occur when speakers and writers transfer items and structures that are not the same in both languages.