ESL Foundations, Cultural Awareness, & Family Involvement (Module 3)

Question 1

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 1

• Black man told couldn’t sit in white passenger area on a train
• took it to court: LA court and US Supreme Court sided with the LA rules/government and said that Plessy was in the wrong because it is constitutional to have “separate but equal” things (such as areas on a train). This ruling was overturned 50+ years later by Brown v. Board of Education

Question 2

Brown v. Board of Education

Answer 2

Father’s of black children (in Topeka) got together and took their case to the Board of Education saying they think their kids should be able to attend the all white school because it is much closer to them, and because “separate” schools are not “equal”.

• Board said no, it’s constitutional, but US Supreme Court sided with the plaintiffs and declared that something can’t be separate and equal.
• The Court ordered all states to put desegregation plans into place. This ruling overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (which had been used a benchmark for over 50 years).

Question 3

Self-contained ESL model

Answer 3

• taught the same material as all others in grade level
• information is presented differently - with previewing, building background, visuals, hands-on activities (not just reading/writing)

Question 4

Pull-out ESL model

Answer 4

• spend part of their day in mainstream classroom but get pulled out for a portion of each day to receive instruction in English as a 2nd language

Question 5

Dual language ESL model

Answer 5

• some native English speakers
• some EL’s
• both groups receive instruction in both languages
• goal is to help students develop academic proficiency in both languages
• often offered as a magnet school option

Question 6

Immersion ESL model

Answer 6

• students are grouped by English proficiency levels
• students often speak different native languages
• instruction is provided in English and content is modified so that it’s more comprehensible to students with limited vocabularies
• Typically there is no native-language support

Question 7

Newcomer Centers Model

Answer 7

• short term program: 1-1.5 yr
• start right when the student comes to the US
• used at middle & HS level when students have very little prior English knowledge/schooling in general
• “pre-ESL 1”
• orient the children to schools/expectation and our culture