ESL - Deck 1

Question 1

TESOL

Answer 1

Teaching English to speakers of other languages

Question 2

CAEP

Answer 2

Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation

Question 3

NCATE

Answer 3

The National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education

Question 4

SLA

Answer 4

second language

acquisition

Question 5

NES

Answer 5

native-English-speaking

Question 6

ELL

Answer 6

English Language Learner

Question 7

TRUE or FALSE
Students have acquired a
second language once they
can speak it.

Answer 7

FALSE

Although students may sound fluent, they usually acquire social English more quickly than academic English.

Question 8

TRUE or FALSE
Students must acquire oral
language before literacy.

Answer 8

FALSE
Oral language and literacy should be developed
simultaneously. Recent research shows how oral
language supports literacy and vice versa.

Question 9

Phonics

Answer 9

Phonics is simply the system of relationships between letters and sounds in a language. When your kindergartner learns that the letter B has the sound of /b/ and your second-grader learns that “tion” sounds like /shun/, they are learning phonics.

Question 10

Morphology

Answer 10

The study of meaningful parts of
words and how they are put
together.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful spoken units
of language. “Morphos” means “form or structure” in
Greek; ‘eme’ means “an element or little piece of
something.”

Question 11

Phoneme

Answer 11

The smallest unit of speech sound in language is the phoneme. The symbols that represent phonemes are referred to as graphemes. The word “cat” has three phonemes- /c/ /a/ /t/- represented by three graphemes.

Question 12

Phonological Awareness

Answer 12

Phoneme awareness includes the ability to perceive the smaller sound segments of spoken words and to be aware of the difference between these phonemes.

Question 13

Pragmatics

Answer 13

Pragmatics is the study of the aspects of meaning and language use that are dependent on the speaker, the addressee and other features of the context of utterance, such as the following:

The effect that the following have on the speaker’s choice of expression and the addressee’s interpretation of an utterance:
Context of utterance
Generally observed principles of communication* The goals of the speaker

Question 14

Semantics

Answer 14

The study of linguistic meaning. It is
concerned with the meanings of words, morphemes,
phrases, and sentences. Semantics is the study of the
meanings of words and ways in which the meanings
change and develop.

Question 15

Syntax

Answer 15

the way words are put together in a language to form phrases, clauses, or sentences.

*Combine
phonemes into morphemes,
morphemes into words,
words into sentences

Question 16

Lexicon

Answer 16

A lexicon is the knowledge that a native speaker has about a language.

Question 17

5 Language Registers

Answer 17

Registers are situational context is influenced by what is being talked/written about and the relationship between those speakers.

1- Frozen Register: Pledge of Allegiance, Lord’s Prayer, Preamble to Constitution (language that remains fixed/unchanged)

2- Formal/Academic Register: Interviews, academic language in classroom (lectures, instruction—mini-lessons), public speaking

3- Consultative Register: Talking to a boss/supervisor/teacher, lawyer, doctor, Counselor (asking for assistance)

4- Casual (Informal) Register: Talking with friends, slang (writing drafts should
allow casual before the formal draft because it “gets the information out” on the paper)

5- Intimate Register: Language of lovers, sexual harassment (not for public
information)

Question 18

Linguistic Competence

Answer 18

Acquired when a person has achieved all four aspects of language (phonology, pragmatics, semantics, and syntax)

Question 19

Communicative Competence

Answer 19

Acquired when they can apply this in their everyday speaking. When one can use Linguistic Competence appropriately in a variety of social situations.