ESIM Dictionary Flashcards
What is B2B?
Business to business
What is B2C?
Business to customer
What is ERD?
An Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) visually represents the data structure of a system, focusing on the entities (data objects), their attributes (properties), and the relationships between them. It helps in designing and understanding the database schema or logical structure of a system.
It is the one often used in DBUD with the boxes with entities(like a book), Attributes(like bookID, Title, Author), relationship(book gets loaned bt member) and the amount of times it happens ( many to one)
Functional Models
Functional Models
Purpose: Focus on what the system does or needs to do.
Key Idea: Represents the functions or processes within a system and their interactions.
Tools/Diagrams:
Data Flow Diagrams (DFD): Show the flow of data between processes, data stores, and external entities.
Use Case Diagrams: Represent user interactions and high-level functions of the system. ( we used this)
Example: In an e-commerce system, a functional model might describe processes like “Add to Cart,” “Checkout,” or “Process Payment.”
What are these?
TPS
MIS
DSS
MMS
These are the things from the colures triangle
TPS feeds raw data (e.g., daily sales).
MIS organizes this into reports (e.g., weekly sales trends).
DSS analyzes and explores scenarios (e.g., demand forecasting).
ESS aggregates everything for strategic decisions (e.g., product expansion plans).
What is Structural Models?
Structural Models:
Purpose: Focus on what the system is by identifying its components and their relationships.
Key Idea: Represents the static structure of the system, including its entities, their attributes, and their relationships.
Tools/Diagrams:
Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERD): Show entities, attributes, and relationships.
Class Diagrams (from UML): Define classes, their attributes, methods, and relationships like inheritance and association.
Example: In the e-commerce system, a structural model might define entities like “Product,” “Customer,” and “Order,” and the relationships between them.
Behavioral Models
Behavioral Models
Purpose: Focus on how the system behaves over time and in response to events.
Key Idea: Describes the dynamic aspects of the system, such as interactions and state changes.
Tools/Diagrams:
State Machine Diagrams: Represent how an entity changes state in response to events.
Sequence Diagrams: Show the interactions between objects or components in a time-ordered sequence.
Activity Diagrams: Map workflows or processes.
Example: In the e-commerce system, a behavioral model might depict how an order transitions through states like “Pending,” “Processing,” “Shipped,” and “Delivered.”
What is Business processes?
It refers to the manner in which work is organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a valuable product or service. supported by flows of
material, information, and knowledge among the participants.
What is TPS (Transaction processing systems) ?
A system that keeps track of the elementary activities and transactions of the organization, such as sales, receipts, cash deposits, payroll, credit decisions, and the flow of materials in a factory.
What is Enterprise systems integration
Enterprise systems integration means connecting all the different parts of a business (data, technology, processes) so they work together smoothly. Instead of each department working separately (siloed operations), everything is connected.
What is BIS (Business intelligence system) ?
It helps with monitoring, controlling, decision-making, and administrative activities
What is a SMD ( State Machine Diagram)
State Machine Diagram
Definition: A UML diagram that shows how an object moves between different states based on events or conditions.
Example: We have one in our paper about payment options.
It’s great for modeling the behavior of systems like workflows, software, or devices.
What is Business Intelligence?
Business intelligence is a modern term for
data and software tools for organizing,
analyzing, and providing access to data to
help managers and other enterprise users
make more informed decisions.
* Business intelligence addresses the
decision-making needs of all levels of
management.
What is a Collaboration system
“Collaborative systems are defined as information systems used to facilitate managerial activities by allowing efficient sharing of data between various projects and departments, sharing knowledge and experiences at various levels within the organizations and among teams”
What is a class diagram?
Class Diagram
Definition: A UML structure diagram that shows the structure of a system by representing its classes, attributes, methods, and relationships.
In our work
A class diagram is chosen to show the structure of the Course Application Process (CAP) because it focuses on the system’s core components. It shows:
Classes: Key parts of the system (e.g., courses, applications).
Attributes: Details of each class (e.g., course name, applicant ID).
Relationships: How classes connect (e.g., applicants apply for courses).
The diagram helps us:
Visualize the entire course application and creation process.
Identify components for the prototype and define requirements.
Reduce duplicate data and make integration smoother when building the final system.
What is MIS
(management information systems) ?
MIS summarize and report on the company’s basic operations using data
supplied by transaction processing systems. The basic transaction data from TPS are compressed and usually presented in reports that are produced on a regular schedule (Most MIS use simple routines, such as summaries and comparisons, as opposed to sophisticated mathematical models or statistical techniques)
What is DSS (Decision-support systems) ?
Try to answer questions such as these: What would be the impact on production schedules if we were to double sales in the month of December? What would happen to our return on investment if a factory schedule were delayed for six months? (Usually combine info from TPS And MIS with external info)
What is ESS (Executive support systems) ?
Address nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation,
and insight because there is no agreed-on procedure for arriving at a solution (For Senior Management)
What is enterprise applications?
Systems that span functional areas, focus on executing business processes across the business firm, and include all levels of management.
What is SCM (Supply Chain Management Systems) ?
systems help suppliers, purchasing firms, distributors, and logistics companies share information about orders, production, inventory levels, and delivery of products and services so they can source, produce, and deliver goods and services efficiently.
What is CRM (Customer Relationship Management Systems) ?
CRM systems provide information to coordinate all of the business processes that deal with customers in sales, marketing, and service to optimize revenue, customer satisfaction, and customer retention. This information helps firms identify, attract, and retain the most profitable customers; provide better service to existing customers; and increase sales.
What is an ERP
ERP System (Enterprise Resource Planning)
Definition: Software that integrates core business processes into one system.
Example: An ERP system manages inventory, accounting, and HR in a single platform.
Data Integration
Data Integration
Definition: The process of combining data from different sources into a unified view.
Example: A company merges customer data from its sales system, marketing platform, and support database to get a single customer profile.
It helps improve data consistency, decision-making, and system efficiency.
What is Data Standardization
Data Standardization
Definition: The process of formatting data into a consistent structure for easy use and analysis.
Example: Converting all date formats in a database to “YYYY-MM-DD” ensures consistency.
It improves data quality and simplifies integration.
What is ERP vs Enterprise system?
ERP System (Enterprise Resource Planning)
Focus: Integrates core business processes (e.g., accounting, inventory, HR).
Scope: Primarily internal operations, ensuring departments work seamlessly.
Example: SAP or Oracle ERP managing inventory and payroll in one platform.
Enterprise System
Focus: Broader term for all large-scale software supporting enterprise activities (e.g., ERP, CRM, SCM).
Scope: Includes ERP but also extends to external-facing systems like customer relationship management (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM).
Example: An enterprise system may include ERP for internal operations, CRM for managing customers, and SCM for coordinating suppliers.
Summary:
ERP is a subset of enterprise systems, focusing on internal processes, while enterprise systems cover both internal and external operations.
What is KMS (Knowledge Management Systems) ?
enable organizations to better manage processes for capturing and applying knowledge and expertise. These systems collect all relevant knowledge and experience in the firm and make it available wherever and whenever it is needed to improve business processes and management decisions. They also link the firm to external sources of knowledge.
What is an Enterprise systems
It’s a systems that can integrate departments and functions across organizations
What is a Non-Functional Requirements
A set of specifications that describe the system’s operation capabilities and constraints: This could be security, performance, usability, adaptability etc. An easy understandeble example. An elevators FUNCTIONAL requirement is to elevate people to a certain floor. Whereas the NON-FUNCTIONAL is that it has to do this fast and safe. To measure this we vould say that it has to reach a floor within 30 seconds. → (defined by Glinz) how well does the system perform certain functions. The requirements describe the quality attributes, performance criteria and constraints under which the system performs. nonfunctional requirements addresses aspects such as usability, reliability, performance, scalability, security and maintainability
What is a Functional requirements:?
(Defined by Glinz) What should the system do? Describes the behaviour of the system in terms of its functions and features. Outlining the tasks, operations, or services that the system must perform, including both input and output.
What is SRS?
Software Requirements Specifications → includes in-depth descriptions of the software that will be developed
What is SyRS?
System Requirements Specification → collects information on the requirements for a system.
What is requirement specification?
Agreement between customers and developers about the target system.
We used it to make the perfect prototype
Benefits
* Establish agreement between customers and
suppliers
* Reduce the development effort
* Provide a basis for cost and schedule estimation
* Provide a basis for validation and verification
* Facilitate transfer
* Serve as a basis for enhancement
