ESC11A

Question 1

This division of Science is concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

Answer 1

Natural Science

Question 2

This division of Science is the application of existing scientific knowledge to practical application, like technology or inventions.

Answer 2

Applied Science

Question 3

Investigates the nature of the planet and its development.

Answer 3

Earth Science

Question 4

What are the studies that are under Earth Science?

Answer 4

Astronomy, Meteorology, Geography, Oceanography, Hydrology

Question 5

It is the study of the universe.

Answer 5

Astronomy

Question 6

It is a telescope in outer space to observe distant planets, galaxies, and other astronomical objects.

Answer 6

Hubble Telescope

Question 7

What are the things used in Astronomy?

Answer 7

Space Telescope/Hubble Telescope, Satellite. Space Probes, Space Rovers

Question 8

It is the study of Earth’s lower atmosphere. The chief concern of this field is understanding the weather and the most important features of the troposphere.

Answer 8

Meteorology

Question 9

It is the study of solid earth, its interior, and its geologic past.

Answer 9

Geology

Question 10

it is the study of the oceans. It deals with everything about the sea.

Answer 10

Oceanography

Question 11

It is the study of water. It deals with the earth’s water, including those found in air, on the surface of the land, and those below the ground.

Answer 11

Hydrology

Question 12

This allows the photosynthetic organisms to survive.

Answer 12

Liquid Water

Question 13

What are the 2 possible sources of water?

Answer 13

1. Water is released through volcanism.

2. Water came from the icy meteor of the outer regions of the solar system.

Question 14

It is the heat that drives the different systems necessary to support life on earth.

Answer 14

Heat Source

Question 15

What are the 2 sources of heat source?

Answer 15

Internal heating of the earth, external heating from the sun’s heat

Question 16

It is caused by the radiogenic heat from the radioactive decay of materials in the core and mantle.

Answer 16

Internal heating of the earth

Question 17

It is provided by the sun in the form of radiation.

Answer 17

External heating from the sun’s heat

Question 18

These are the layers of gases that surrounds the earth.

Answer 18

Atmosphere

Question 19

It is a natural process that maintains heat.

Answer 19

Greenhouse Phenomenon

Question 20

It is a vital part of photosynthesis.

Answer 20

Atmosphere

Question 21

The relationship between living organisms and the earth’s materials creates a what?

Answer 21

Interface

Question 22

It is a point where two or more systems meet or interact.

Answer 22

Interface

Question 23

What are the 4 earth systems that interact?

Answer 23

Land, Air, Water, Life

Question 24

What are the 4 basic subsystems?

Answer 24

Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere

Question 25

It is composed of naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals, organic minerals, or natural glass, and particles of rock.

Answer 25

Geosphere

Question 26

It is the earth's water, including the frozen part or the cryosphere.

Answer 26

Hydrosphere

Question 27

These are the mixture of gases that surrounds the planet.

Answer 27

Atmosphere

Question 28

What is the earth's atmosphere composed of?

Answer 28

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and 0.10% different traces of gases

Question 29

It includes all life foms.

Answer 29

Biosphere

Question 30

Characteristics of minerals

Answer 30

Naturally occurring, Inorganic, Solid, Has a definite chemical composition, Have ordered internal structure

Question 31

7 classes of minerals

Answer 31

Silicates, Oxides, Sulfides, Sulfates, Halides, Carbonates, Mineraloids

Question 32

It is the term used for those substances that don't fit neatly into one of these 7 classes

Answer 32

Mineraloids

Question 33

A group of minerals made of carbon, oxygen, and a metallic element

Answer 33

Carbonates

Question 34

A large group of minerals that tend to be soft and translucent.

Answer 34

Sulfates

Question 35

Physical properties of minerals

Answer 35

- Crystal Form and Habits - Cleavage and Fracture - Luster - Color and Streak - Hardness - Density

Question 36

Mineral breaks along a flat surface

Answer 36

Cleavage

Question 37

Mineral breaks with lots of jagged edges

Answer 37

Fracture

Question 38

a model that described all the processes by which rocks are formed, modified, transported, decomposed, melted, and reformed

Answer 38

Rock cycle

Question 39

What do you call the igneous rock that results in the information of crystals that are visible to the naked eye?

Answer 39

Intrusive or plutonic rock

Question 40

What do you call the igneous rock that results in the information of very small crystals?

Answer 40

Extrusive or volcanic

Question 41

Examples of clastic sedimentary rocks

Answer 41

shale, conglomerate, and sandstone

Question 42

the alternation of the composition of rock by heat, pressure

Answer 42

metamorphism

Question 43

are naturally occurring materials that can be profitably mined

Answer 43

ore

Question 44

the most common type of ore mineral deposits

Answer 44

hydrothermal fluid circulation

Question 45

the capacity or ability to do work

Answer 45

energy

Question 46

This law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed

Answer 46

The Law of Conservation of Energy

Question 47

This leads to the alternation and crystallization of minerals

Answer 47

Metamorphic processes

Question 48

A special type of magma

Answer 48

Kimberlite magma

Question 49

can be replenished or regenerated on a human time scale

Answer 49

Renewable Sources of Energy

Question 50

cannot be replenished or regenerated on a human time scale

Answer 50

Nonrenewable Sources of Energy

Question 51

examples of Renewable Sources of Energy

Answer 51

geothermal, hydro power, wind power, solar, biomass

Question 52

examples of Nonrenewable Sources of Energy

Answer 52

nuclear, fossil fuels

Question 53

A form of energy which can be generated from almost any energy source

Answer 53

electricity

Question 54

presently the world's primary energy sources

Answer 54

fossil fuel