ESAT Forouzan - Chapter 21: Unicast and Multicast Routing (Routing Protocols) Flashcards
RIP is based on
a. Link state routing
b. Distance vector routing
c. Dijkstra’s algorithm
d. Path vector routing
b. Distance vector routing
In distance vector routing each router receives information directly from _______.
a. Every router on the network
b. Every router less than two units away
c. A table stored by the network hosts
d. Its neighbors only
d. Its neighbors only
In distance vector routing a router sends out information
a. At regularly scheduled intervals
b. Only when there is a change in its table
c. Only when a new host is added
d. Only when a new network is added
a. At regularly scheduled intervals
A routing table contains
a. The destination network ID
b. The hop count to reach the network
c. The router ID of the next hop
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Router B receives an update from router A that indicates Net1 is two hops away. The next update from A says Net1 is five hops away. What value is entered in B’s routing table for Net1? Assume the basic RIP is being used.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 6
d. 7
c. 6
If the routing table contains four new entries, how many updates messages must the router send to its neighbour router?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
a. 1
The cost field of a router’s first table form itself always has a value of
a. 0
b. 1
c. Infinity
d. Some positive integer
a. 0
Dijkstra’s algorithm is used to
a. Create LSAs
b. Flood an internet with information
c. Calculate the routing tables
d. Create a link state database
c. Calculate the routing tables
An area is _______
a. Part of an AS
b. Composed of at least two Ass
c. Another term for an internet
d. A collection of stub areas
a. Part of an AS
In an autonomous system with n areas, how many areas are connected to the backbone?
a. 1
b. n – 1
c. n
d. n + 1
b. n – 1
An area border router can be connected to
a. Only another router
b. Another router or another network
c. Anly another network
d. Only another area border router
b. Another router or another network
Which of the following usually has the least number of connections to other areas?
a. An area
b. An autonomous system
c. A transient link
d. A stub link
d. A stub link
Which type of network using the OSPF protocol always consists of just two connected routers?
a. Point-to-point
b. Transient
c. Stub
d. Virtual
a. Point-to-point
Which type of network using the OSPF protocol is the result of a break in a link between the two routers?
a. Point-to-point
b. Transient
c. Stub
d. Virtual
d. Virtual
Which type of network using the OSPF protocol can have five routers attached to it?
a. Point-to-point
b. Transient
c. Stub
d. All of the above
b. Transient
A WAN using the OSPF protocol that connects two routers is an example of a _________ type of OSPF network.
a. Point-to-point
b. Transient
c. Stub
d. Virtual
a. Point-to-point
An Ethernet LAN using the OSPF protocol with five attached routers can be called a ________ network.
a. Point-to-point
b. Transient
c. Stub
d. Virtual
b. Transient
Which layer produces the OSPF message?
a. Data link
b. Network
c. Transport
d. Application
b. Network
Which of the following is an exterior routing protocol?
a. RIP
b. OSPF
c. BGP
d. a and b
c. BGP
Which of the following is an interior routing protocol?
a. RIP
b. OSPF
c. BGP
d. a and b
d. a and b
OSPF is based on ____________.
a. Distance vector routing
b. Link state routing
c. Path vector routing
d. a and b
b. Link state routing
BGP is based on ___________.
a. Distance vector routing
b. Link state routing
c. Path vector routing
d. a and b
c. Path vector routing
Which type of BGP message creates a relationship between two routers?
a. Open
b. Update
c. Keep-alive
d. Notification
a. Open
Which type of BGP message announces a route to a new destination?
a. Open
b. Update
c. Keep-alive
d. Notification
b. Update
Which type of BGP message is sent by a system to notify another router of the sender’s existence?
a. Open
b. Update
c. Keep-alive
d. Notification
c. Keep-alive
Which type of BGP message is sent by a router to close a connection?
a. Open
b. Update
c. Keep-alive
d. Notification
d. Notification
The ________ is an IGMP message.
a. Query message
b. Membership report
c. Leave report
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
An IGMP query is sent from a _________ to a _________.
a. Host; host
b. Host; router
c. Router; router
d. Router; host or router
d. Router; host or router
The ________ is used by a router in response to a received-leave report.
a. General query message
b. Special query message
c. Membership report
d. Leave report
b. Special query message
The ________ field of the IGMP message is all zeros in a query message.
a. Version
b. Type
c. Checksum
d. Group address
d. Group address
The _________ field of the IGMP message is 0x11 for a query message.
a. Version
b. Type
c. Checksum
d. a and b
d. a and b
If four hosts on a network belong to the same group, a total of _________ sent in response to a general query message.
a. One membership report is
b. Two membership reports are
c. Three membership reports are
d. Four membership reports are
b. Two membership reports are
A one-to-all communication between a source and all hosts on a network is classified as a _________ communication.
a. Unicast
b. Multicast
c. Broadcast
d. a and b
c. Broadcast
A one-to-many communication between a source and a specific group of hosts is classified as a ________ communication.
a. Unicast
b. Multicast
c. Broadcast
d. a and b
b. Multicast
- A one-to-one communication between a source and one destination is classified as a _________ communication.
a. Unicast
b. Multicast
c. Broadcast
d. a and b
a. Unicast
___________ is a multicasting application.
a. Teleconferencing
b. Distance learning
c. Information dissemination
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
A __________ is a data structure with nodes and edges and a hierarchical structure.
a. Tree
b. Graph
c. Leaf
d. Root
a. Tree
A system uses source-based trees for multicasting. If there are 100 sources and 5 groups, there is a maximum of _________ different trees.
a. 5
b. 20
c. 100
d. 500
d. 500
In a _________ tree approach to multicasting, the combination of source and group determines the tree.
a. Spanning-source
b. Shortest-group
c. Source-based
d. Group-shared
c. Source-based
In a _________ tree approach to multicasting, the group determines the tree.
a. Spanning-source
b. Shortest-group
c. Source-based
d. Group-shared
d. Group-shared
A system uses group-shared trees for multicasting. If there are 100 sources and 5 groups, there is a maximum of ____________ different trees.
a. 5
b. 20
c. 100
d. 500
a. 5
___________ is a multicast routing protocol using source-based trees.
a. DVRMP
b. MOSPF
c. CBT
d. a and b
d. a and b
___________ is a multicast routing protocol using group-shared trees.
a. DVRMP
b. MOSPF
c. CBT
d. a and b
c. CBT
In _________ a network can receive a multicast packet from a particular source only through a designated parent router.
a. RPF
b. RPB
c. RPM
d. All of the above
b. RPB
Pruning and grafting are strategies used in
a. RPF
b. RPB
c. RPM
d. All of the above
c. RPM
A __________ message tells an upstream router to stop sending multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.
a. Weed
b. Graft
c. Prune
d. Plum
c. Prune
A _________ message tells an upstream router to start sending multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.
a. Weed
b. Graft
c. Prune
d. Plum
b. Graft
__________ uses multicast link state routing concepts to create source-based trees.
a. DVMRP
b. MOSPF
c. CBT
d. BVD
b. MOSPF
In the __________ protocol, a multicast packet is encapsulated inside a unicast packet with the core router as the destination.
a. DVMRP
b. MOSPF
c. CBT
d. BVD
c. CBT
____________ is used in a dense multicast environment while __________ is used in a sparse multicast environment.
a. PIM-DM; PIM-SM
b. PIM-SM; PIM-DM
c. PIM; PIM-DM
d. PIM; PIM-SM
a. PIM-DM; PIM-SM
When a multicast router is not directly connected to another multicast router, a _________ can be formed to connect the two.
a. Physical tunnel
b. Logical tunnel
c. Logical core
d. Spanning tree
b. Logical tunnel
