ES3

Question 1

What does Chlorine look like under standard conditions?

Answer 1

-pale green gas

Question 2

What does Bromine look like under standard conditions?

Answer 2

• red-brown liquid

Question 3

What does Iodine look like under standard conditions?

Answer 3

• violet solid

Question 4

How does the reactivity pf halogens change down the group?

Answer 4

it decreases

Question 5

Why does the reactivity of halogens decrease down the group?

Answer 5

-the number of electron shells increase
-this increases the shielding from the nucleus as well as the atomic radius
-which decreases the nuclear attraction of outer electrons making it harder to gain electrons

Question 6

Howe does the volatility of the halogens change down the group

Answer 6

-halogens only have intermolecular London forces between their molecules
-As we move down the group the number of electrons in the halogen molecule increases
-thus the london forces between the molecules become stronger requiring more energy to break

Question 7

Why are halogens more soluble in cyclohexane than water?

Answer 7

-Halogen molecules are non-polar
-so they do not dissolve well in polar solvents like water
-but they will dissolve readily in non polar solvents like cyclohexane

Question 8

What are the results of the halogens’ reactions with Ag+ ions?

Answer 8

Chlorine - white precipitate
Bromine - Cream precipitate
Iodine - Yellow precipitate

Question 9

What are the solubilities of silver halide precipitates in ammonia?

Answer 9

-Silver chloride: soluble in dilute ammonia
-Silver Bromide: soluble only in concentrated ammonia
-Silver Iodide: insoluble in dilute and concentrated ammonia

Question 10

How do halogens react with halide ions?

Answer 10

-Less reactive halide ions are displaced
-Chlorine will displace bromide and iodide ions
-bromine will displace only iodide ions
-and iodine will not displace halide ions