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Biology > ES2- Cell Biology > Flashcards

ES2- Cell Biology Flashcards

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0
Q

What are eukaryotic cells?

A

Cells that that can be single-celled or multi-cellular. DNA is located in the nucleus and has membrane bound organelles. They have a nucleus. (Ex. Animal and plant cells)

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1
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

A single-cell with no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles. It has loose DNA in the cytoplasm. (Ex. bacteria)

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2
Q

What are some differences between animal cells and plant cells?

A
  1. Plants cells are box shaped, animal cells are round
  2. Plant cells have a larger vacuole
  3. Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts
  4. Animal cells have lysosomes
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3
Q

Smooth ER

A

Synthesizes lipids

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4
Q

Lysosomes

A

Enzymes that breakdown macromolecules.

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5
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Holds organelles in place.

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6
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Uses sunlight to make food.

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7
Q

Nucleus

A

typically found in the center.

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8
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Packages macromolecules to be shipped out of the cell.

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9
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Assists with structure and internal movement.

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10
Q

Mitochondria

A

Provides cell with energy.

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11
Q

Cell wall

A

Only found in any cells; provides structural support

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12
Q

Rough ER

A

Studded with ribosomes; maze-like

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13
Q

Cilia

A

Hair-like structures that make the cell mobile.

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14
Q

Vacuole

A

stores water.

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15
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Consists of 2 layers of lipids with phosphorus in them.

16
Q

Ribosomes

A

Creates proteins needed by the cell.

17
Q

Passive Transport

A

(High to low concentration) doesn’t require energy.

18
Q

Active transport

A

(Low to high concentration) requires energy.

19
Q

Diffusion

A

High to low concentration

20
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A

Uses channel/carrier proteins

21
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion with water

22
Q

Isotonic

A

Even amount of solute inside and outside of cell; same shape

23
Q

Hypertonic

A

More solute inside, leaves and cell shrinks

24
Q

Hypertonic

A

More solute outside, enters, cell swells

Biology (3 decks)

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