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Elements of the Sea > ES2 > Flashcards

ES2 Flashcards

1
Q

How is bromine industrially produced (from a solution)?

A
  • Cl is added to a sample of sea water to displace Br- ions
  • Steam is blown, Br vapour and water is given off
  • Vapours condensed, two layers form (Br and H2O)
  • Dense Br layer is run off
  • Impure Br is distilled and dried
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2
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

A reaction where oxidation and reduction take place.

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3
Q

OIL RIG

A

Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain

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4
Q

What is oxidation?

A
  • gain of oxygen
  • loss of electrons
  • an increase in oxidation number
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5
Q

What is reduction?

A
  • loss of oxygen
  • gain in electrons
  • a decrease in oxidation number
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6
Q

What happens to oxidising agents?

A

they are reduced

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7
Q

What happens to reducing agents?

A

they are oxidised

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8
Q

What oxidation state do elements/diatomic molecules have?

A

0

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9
Q

What is the oxidation state of fluorine?

A

-1

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10
Q

What is the oxidation state of oxygen?

A

-2 (except when combined with F or O2 ion)

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11
Q

What is the oxidation state of chlorine?

A

-1 ( except when combined with F or O)

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12
Q

What is the oxidation state of bromine?

A

-1 (except when combined with O, F or Cl)

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13
Q

What is the oxidation state of iodine?

A

-1 (except when combined with O, F, Cl or Br)

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14
Q

What is the oxidation state of hydrogen?

A

+1 (except when in a metal hydride - NaH)

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15
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 1?

A

+1

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16
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 2?

A

+2

17
Q

What is the oxidation state of aluminium?

A

+3

18
Q

What is a systematic name?

A

Name that has a Roman numeral in brackets - the numeral being the oxidation state of one of the elements in a compound.

19
Q

What are the rules for systematic names?

A
  • Oxidation states are only used for elements with variable oxidation states
  • The number shows the oxidation state of a previous element
  • No space between the name and number
20
Q

State the Roman numerals?

A 
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
21
Q

What is an oxyanion?

A

An anion (negative ion) with oxygen in it - ends in ate.

22
Q

What is the oxidation state and name of a ClO- ion?

A

+1 - chlorate(I)

23
Q

What is the oxidation state and name of a ClO2- ion?

A

+3 - chlorate(III)

24
Q

What is the oxidation state and name of a ClO3- ion?

A

+5 - chlorate(V)

25
Q

What is the oxidation state and name of a ClO4- ion?

A

+7 - chlorate(VII)

26
Q

What are stoichiometric equations?

A

balanced equations

Elements of the Sea (7 decks)

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