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MedClinPath > erythrocytic disorders > Flashcards

erythrocytic disorders Flashcards

1
Q

erythrocytic disorders may be due to

A

alterations in number

abnormality in morphology

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2
Q

reduction in the concentration og hgb or hct level in the peripheral blood below normal

A

anemia

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3
Q

causes of anemia

A

impaired red cell prod
blood loss
inc. rbs destruction (destruction > production)

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4
Q

anemia panel

A 
cbc with indices
retic
osmotic frag
sucrose hemo
ham's
iron
tibc
ferritin
b12
folate
electrophoresis
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5
Q

expected cbc results in anemia

A

dec. hct hgc rbc count

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6
Q

expected cbc indices in anemia

A

de. mcv mch mchc

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7
Q

average volume of individual rbc, classification into micro macro normocytic

A

MCV

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8
Q

mcv formula

A

hct/rbc x 10

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9
Q

mcv for normocytic cells

A

82-92 fL

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10
Q

microcytic cells seen in

A

IDA

secondary anemia

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11
Q

macrocytic cells see in

A

b12 def

folate def

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12
Q

pathologic variation in cell size

A

anisocytosis

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13
Q

amount of hgb by weight in an average rbc, classification into hypo hyper normochromic

A

MCH

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14
Q

mch formula

A

hgb/rbc x 10

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15
Q

NV for mch

A

27-31 ug

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16
Q

concentration of hgb in an average rbc

A

mchc

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17
Q

mchc formula

A

hgb/hct x 100

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18
Q

NV for mchc

A

33-38%

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19
Q

conditions associated with changes in hgb content

A

hypo hyper aniso polychromasia

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20
Q

dec in hgb cocn thus giving a central pallor to the red cell s exceeding half of the diameter

A

hypochromasia

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21
Q

hypochromasia seen in

A

IDA

thalassemia

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22
Q

stains unequally with only a proportion of the cells appearing hypochromic

A

anisochromasia

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23
Q

anisochromasia seen in

A

after transfusion in IDA patients

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24
Q

unusual deep staining of the rbc, no central pallor

A

hyperchromasia

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25
Q

rbc takes a slightly basophilic hue having a bluegray coloration with the presence of rNA

A

polytchromasia

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26
Q

presence of rna in rbc indicates

A

rbc delivered prematurely into circu

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27
Q

polychromasia seen in

A

inc erythropoietic activity
hemorrhage
hemolysis

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28
Q

variation in shape of rbc

A

poikilocytosis

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29
Q

inc. pilikilocytosis is indicative of

A

abnormal erythropoiesis

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30
Q

inc. poikilocytosis may be due to

A

bone marrow deficit

abnormal rbc destruction

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31
Q

spherocytes are seen in

A

HS
immune induced hemolysis
post transfusion

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32
Q

defect in shape in spherocytes are due to

A

low surface area to volume ratio

loss of membrane function

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33
Q

regular small tipped p[rojection all around the cell

A

echinocyte

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34
Q

defects of echinocytes are in

A

depletion of atp
exposure to hypertonic sol
artifact in airdrying

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35
Q

echinocytes seen in

A 
very anemic
uremia
cirrhosis
hepatitis
chrinic renal failure
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36
Q

spheroid with irregular spike spicules

A

acanthocyte

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37
Q

cause of acnthocyte

A

increased chole to lecithin ratio

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38
Q

acanthocytes seen in

A

congenital or acquired abetalipoproteinemia
hemolytic anemia
end stage liver dse
pyruvate kinase def

39
Q

red cell fragments

A

schistocytes

40
Q

defects in schistocyte may be due to

A

fibrin
prosthetic valves
alterd blood vessel walls

41
Q

schistocyets seen in

A

DIC
TTP
burns
microangiopathoc hemolytic anemia

42
Q

egglike or oval shaped wider than elliptocytes

A

ovalocytes

43
Q

defect in ovalocytes

A

dec chole

hgb has bipolar arrangement

44
Q

ovalocytes seen in

A

megaloblastic bone marrow
myelodysplasia
sickle cell anemia

45
Q

abnormally thin cell resembling a target

A

target cell/codocyte

46
Q

target cells seen in

A

thalssemia major
obstructive jaundice
hb SC dse
LCAT

47
Q

rbc with central stroma or mouth which appear as am unstained central biconcave area

A

stomatocytes

48
Q

defects in stomatocytes due to

A

slow drying artifact

increased permeability to sodium

49
Q

stomatocytes seen in

A

h. stomatocytosis
acute alcoholism
liver dse

50
Q

crescent shaped cell that lacks zone of central pallor

A

sickle cell/drepanocyte

51
Q

defect in sickle cell is due to

A

plymerization of deoxygenatiod hgb

52
Q

drepanocytes seen in

A

sickle cell anemia
sickle thalassemia
sickle cell dse

53
Q

teardrop shaped with single elongated point

A

dacryocyte

54
Q

defect in dacryocyte is due to

A

squeezing and fragmentation during spleenic passage

55
Q

dacryocyte seen in

A

myeloid metaplasia
thalassemia
megaloblastic
hypersplenism

56
Q

rod or cigar shaped

A

elliptocytes

57
Q

defect in elliptocytes due to

A

polarization of hgb

58
Q

elliptocytes seen is

A

HE
thalassemia
IDA

59
Q

fine or coarse gray-black granules in rbcs

A

basophilic stipplings

60
Q

basophilic stipplings seen in

A

lead poisoning
thalassemia
heavy metals
inc retics

61
Q

coarse round densely stained granules eccentrically

A

howell-joll ly bodies

62
Q

remnants of nuclear chromatin within the rbc containing dna

A

howell jolly

63
Q

red violet structures appearing as ring, incomplete figure of 8

A

cabot ring

64
Q

howell jolly bosies seen in

A

megalo
severe homylsis
thalass
accel erythropoi

65
Q

remnants of microtubules of mitotic spindle

A

cabot eings

66
Q

cabot rings seen in

A

severe anemia

67
Q

nonnucleated rbc containing bright blue nonhgb iron granules

A

siderocyres

68
Q

defect in siderocytes are due to

A

excessive iron overloading in mitochondria of normoblast

defective hene synth

69
Q

siderocytes seen in

A

hemolytic anemia

after splenectomy

70
Q

retic formula

A

retic counted/1000 rbc x 100

71
Q

NV retic

A

.5-1.5%

72
Q

rgt in osmotic frag test

A

hypotonic sol

73
Q

used to diagnsoe PNH hypoplastic anemia megaloblastic anemia

A

sucrose hemolysis

74
Q

for definitive diagnosis of PNH

A

ham’s acidified serum test

75
Q

PNH cells are unusually susceptible ti

A

complement

76
Q

spx for iron studies

A

morning spx red top tube

77
Q

NV for iron

A

.5-17 ug/dl

78
Q

decreased iron values seen in

A 
mens
preg
infalmmm
MI
malig
IDA
79
Q

Inc iron val seen in

A

hepa
oral contra
inc ingestion

80
Q

only vitain exclusively synthesized y microorganism

A

vit12 cobalamine

81
Q

NV for cobalamine

A

200-900 ng/L (pg/ml)

82
Q

cobalamine deficiency is caused by

A

inadequate intake
gastrectomy (no intrinsic factor)
pernicios anemia
defective absorption

83
Q

diagnostic procedures for cobalamine

A

serum b12 assay
therapeutic trial
urinary methyl maloric assay
deoxyuridine suppresion test

84
Q

iron is deposited in tissues as iron oxide granules called

A

hemosiderin

85
Q

ferritin NV adult

A

12-300 ug/L

86
Q

ferritin NV infant

A

1-142 ug/L

87
Q

folic acid NV

A

5-21 ng/mL

88
Q

cobalamine deficiency can also be seen in folate def except in

A

leukopenia

thrombocytopenia

89
Q

needed for folate def diagnosis thru lab methods

A

serum folic acid
serum folate
red cell folate

90
Q

urine testing for hemolytic dse

A

urobil
urobilin
urine hgb

91
Q

special testing for hemolytic anemia

A

plasma hgb
bilirubin fractionation
DAT

92
Q

tests if congenital anemia is suspected

A 
osmo frag
autohgemoylsis
g6pd
gluta stability
hgb electrophoresis and hgbF
heinz body stain
93
Q

intended for electrophoresis separation of human hgb to screenfor clinically imporatnt variants

A

paragon hgb electrophoresis

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