Erythrocyte Physiology - Pierce Flashcards
What is the equation for hematocrit? 3
Height of RBCs / Total Height
What are the formed elements found in the blood? 6
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
Where does erythropoietic begin? 11
Begins in erythroblastic islands in the bone marrow
What is the precursor to erythrocytes? 11
Reticulocytes that mature upon entry into the circulation
What is the role of Erythropoietin? 12
Principle regulator of erythropoiesis
What is the role of HIF? 12
Hypoxia inducible factor
In hypoxic environments HIF is released which activates erythropoietin gene to produce erythropoietin which activates erythropoiesis
What cofactors are required for a normoblast to mature into a reticulocyte? 16
B12
Folate (B9)
Differentiate B12 Deficiency (and folate) from poor B12 absorption? 19
B12 & Folate deficiency –> megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
Poor B12 absorption –> pernicious anemia
What condition do we associate with iron deficiency? 20
Microcytic anemia
Differentiate non-heme iron vs heme iron 20
Heme iron is much more absorbent to the body
What enhances iron absorption? 21
Ascorbate (vitamin C)
What challenge does nonheme iron have to overcome that heme iron doesn’t? 21
Nonheme iron (Fe3+) has to convert to Fe2+ before entry into the duodenum/upper jejunum
How does iron circulate in the blood? 21
As transferrin
What is the normal Hb for females and males> 23
- 0 g/dL - females
15. 5 g/dL - males
Each gram of hemoglobin combines with how many mL of oxygen? 26
1.34 mL of oxygen per gram of hemoglobin
