erythrocyte disorders

Question 1

peripheral blood smear findings?

bite cells?

Answer 1

G6PD def

Question 2

Burr cells echinocytes small number of spicules?

Answer 2

uremia

Question 3

ellipocytes?

Answer 3

hereditary elliptocytosis

Question 4

macrocytes macroovalocytes

Answer 4

B12 or folate def myelodysplasia use of antimetabolites

Question 5

microcytosis anisopoikilocytosis?

Answer 5

iron deficiency

Question 6

nucleated erythrocytes?

Answer 6

marrow stress hypoxia or hemolysis

Question 7

rouleaux formation

Answer 7

MM

Question 8

schistocytes irreg shaped jagged erythrocytes

Answer 8

mmicroangiopathy DIC HUS TTP

Question 9

sickle cells

Answer 9

sickle cell anemia

Question 10

spherocytes

Answer 10

hereditary spherocytosis, warm AIHA

Question 11

spurr cells acanthocytes

Answer 11

severe liver disease

Question 12

stomatocytes

Answer 12

hereditary stomatocytosis

Question 13

target cells

Answer 13

hemoglobinopathy, liver disease, splenectomy, iron def

Question 14

tear drop cells

Answer 14

fibrosis, marrow granuloma, marrow infiltration

Question 15

IRon deficiency lab tests

Answer 15

low iron
high TIBC
low trasnferrin
ferritin below 14

Question 16

iron deficiency causes?

Answer 16

loss of iron- bleeding, menstruation, GI bleed, other overt blood loss
decreased intake- nutritional def, decreased absorption, after duodenal sx, celiac, helico pylori, autoimmun atrophic gastritis
increased requirement- pregnancy lactation

Question 17

inflammatory anemia

Answer 17

MCV 72-100
FE <11
TIBC <45TIBC sat 2-20%
ferritin >35

Question 18

Thalasemmia?

Answer 18

increased LDH, increased unconj bili and decreased haptoglobin
alpha thal- hg about 100
hg electrophoresis shows normal unless more severe anemia with 3 gene mutation make tetramer of B globin called HG H which can be identified
Beta THal- MCV 60-70, Hg 100-120, abnormal Hg electrophoresis

Question 19

Warm AIHA?

Answer 19

Temp 37
IgG C3+/-
spherocytes on PBS
anemia , fatigue, dyspnea, jaundice splenomegaly
autoimmune, lymphoproliferative- CLL B cell non hodgkins , drug induced

Question 20

COld agglutinin

Answer 20

<37
IgM
IgG neg C3 positive
erythrocyte agglutination
anemia , fatigue, dyspnea, jaundice, acrocyanosis, splenomegaly,
assoc - infectious EBV, mycoplasma,lyphoprolif- IgM MGUs WM other B cell nonhodgkins