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PSYC 351C :) > ERPs & Attention (2) > Flashcards

ERPs & Attention (2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the psychological hierarchy from sensory input to motor response?

A
  • sensory inputs
  • low-level perceptual analysis
  • high-level semantic analysis
  • decision making, memory storage…
  • motor response
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2
Q

What are the three theories about where attentional selection occurs?

A
  • early all or none filtering
  • Late selection model
  • strategic control of attention
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3
Q

What is early all-or-none filtering? Where does it occur?

A
  • AKA Broadbent’s filter model
  • between low-level perceptual analysis and high-level semantic analysis
  • attention kicks in before we know the meaning of things
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4
Q

What is the late selection model? Where does it occur?

A
  • McKay
  • between high-level semantic analysis and decision making, memory storage
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5
Q

What is an example of evidence towards the late selection model?

A
  • when you’re filtering out or ignoring other conversations but someone says your name and it catches your attention
  • if early all-or-none filtering, then you wouldn’t process your name at all
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6
Q

What is the strategic control of attention?

A
  • early or late selection can be chosen based on situation and approach
  • attention is applied by top-down modulation
  • addition of executive function sending feedback to all levels
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7
Q

What is the neural hierarchy of eyes to multimodal association cortex?

A
  • eyes
  • thalamus
  • primary visual cortex
  • secondary/tertiary visual cortex
  • multimodal association cortex
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8
Q

What components are in visual evoked potentials?

A
  • P1, N1, P2, N2, P3
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9
Q

What is cued attention task?

A
  • cueing (arrow) on screen
  • stimulus (bar) on screen either matching cue or opposite side (4 resulting conditions)
  • respond to stimulus as quickly as you can
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10
Q

What does the cued attention task result in?

A
  • shows evidence of early selection since attentional differences between when stimulus is attended or ignored is early in processing
  • P1 is being modulated by attention
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11
Q

What is the attentional blink task?

A
  • given a fast sequence of letters
  • must indicate if there is a x in the sequence
  • there is a white letter that occurs before the x and makes it difficult to notice the x
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12
Q

What is T1 and T2 in the attentional blink paradigm?

A
  • T1: the letter in the different colour
  • T2: what the participant is looking for
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13
Q

What is the attentional blink?

A
  • as if attention to find x is blinked off and on
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14
Q

At what lag does the attentional blink occur? In what component does this occur?

A
  • occurs especially at lag 3
  • P1, N1, N400 are consistent
  • P3 has a large drop at lag 3
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15
Q

What are the characteristics of P3?

A
  • P3 amplitude depends on probability of a task-defined stimulus category
  • P3 effect cannot occur until after categorization
  • P3 latency is tied to the amount of time required to perceive and categorize a stimulus
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16
Q

What is the psychological refractory period task?

A
  • first task: hear a sound and respond with foot
  • second task: if see O raise left hand, or see X and raise right hand
  • compare how fast each task is alone and together
17
Q

What is seen in the psychological refractory period task?

A
  • must respond to first stimulus first
  • when the second stimulus is much later after the first stimulus, the reaction time stays the same
  • as the delay between stimulus’ decreases, the reaction time increases
18
Q

What exactly is the psychological refractory period?

A
  • the delay in reaction time when the stimulus’ are close in time
19
Q

What is a long SOA?

A
  • stimulus onset asynchrony is long
  • as long as response selection of each don’t overlap
20
Q

What is a short SOA?

A
  • stimulus onset asynchrony is short
  • cannot do response selection for both at the same time so get a bottleneck
21
Q

What is seen in P3 for the psychological refractory period task?

A
  • the P3 does not slow down meaning P3 does not explain the slowing of reaction time
  • P3 is a late perceptual stage of categorizing and is before the delay since it has not slowed down
22
Q

What is seen in the lateralized readiness potential (LRP) for the psychological refractory period task?

A
  • the LRP shifts to the right meaning that it is delayed
  • the delay occurs after P3 but before LRP
23
Q

When does attentional selection occur?

A
  • can have an effect at many steps in processing
  • cued attention (P1): low-level perceptual analysis
  • attentional blink (P3): high-level semantic analysis
  • PRP (LRP): motor response

PSYC 351C :) (8 decks)

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