erosional landforms Flashcards
erosional landforms examples
forms wave cut notches, wave cut platform, cliffs, caves, arcs, stacks, stumps
4 types of erosion
hydraulic action/ abrasion/ attrition/ solution
erosion wave type
destructive waves
explain how wave cut notches are formed
eroded by hydraulic action and abrasion and possibly corrosion
what is the formation of a wave cut platform
- Marine erosion between high tide and low tide is eroded by abrasion and hydraulic action forming a wave cut notch along the length of the cliff base.
- the notch deepens until the overlying material collapses by mass movement due to gravity.
- coastal recession occurs this process repeats.
- the rock below tide level is always submerged and is not eroded as it is not exposed to wave impact
as the overlying material is eroded the uneroded rock at low tide is flat
forming a wave cut platform
how are cliffs formed
marine erosion of the land between high tide and low tide - hydraulic action and abrasion forms a wave cut notch
the notch deepens until the overlying rock collapses due to gravity and the exposed face forms a cliff
explain the cave FORMATION
rocks have joints or faults which are eroded and widened by hydraulic action until a cave forms
ARCH FORMATION
the cave is eroded through the headland until its meets the other side and connect forming an arch
Hydraulic action and abrasion attack the sides of the arch between low tide and high tide, forming wave cut notches.
overlying material collapses widening the arch.
STACK FORMATION
Weathering and other sub-aerial processes attack the arch roof.
Eventually, the roof of the arch will collapse by blockfall leaving the seaward end of the headland detached from the land as a tall vertical column called a stack.
STUMP
Marine erosion at the base of the stack will form a notch on all sides until the stack collapses by blockfall.
Remnants of the stack base form a stump, a small projection of rock, exposed only at low tide.
