erosion and deposition of sea

Question 1

coastline (2)

Answer 1

• where land and sea meet

- constantly changing

Question 2

waves (2)

Answer 2

• caused by wind blowing water

- size depends on fetch (distance of travel) and strength of wind

Question 3

swash (1)

Answer 3

movement of wave onto coast

Question 4

backwash (1)

Answer 4

movement of wave back into ocean

Question 5

types of erosion by waves (2)

Answer 5

• hydraulic force

- erosion by broken pieces of rock

Question 6

hydraulic force (1)

Answer 6

-waves breaking apart rocks by crashing into them repeatedly and going into asscracks

Question 7

erosion by broken pieces of rock

Answer 7

-abrade other rocks when they are smashed into eachother from being carried by waves

Question 8

types of waves (2)

Answer 8

• constructive waves

- destructive waves

Question 9

constructive waves (5)

Answer 9

• deposit material in waves and build up coast
• occur in good/fine weather
• low and far apart
• backwash returns before next wave
• create wide and gentle sloping beach

Question 10

destructive waves (6)

Answer 10

• erodes coast
• occur during stormy weather
• closer together waves
• backwash is very strong and erodes sand
• cause steep + narrow beaches
• taller waves that break with greater distance

Question 11

types of landforms created by erosion (3)

Answer 11

• headlands and bays
• caves/arches/stacks
• cliffs and wave cut platforms

Question 12

headlands and bays (2 idk tbh)

Answer 12

when theres hard and soft rock, the soft rock erodes faster than hard and becomes bay, hard rock become headland and protect bay from further erosion

Question 13

caves (1)

Answer 13

when waves crack base of headland and eventually expand and become cave

Question 14

arch (1)

Answer 14

when waves erodes cave from 2 sides of the headlands and make a cavity forming an arch

Question 15

stack (1)

Answer 15

when roof of arch collapses and the other piece of headland stand independantly

Question 16

stump (1)

Answer 16

when stack erodes and collapses and becomes a small land mass that can be covered at high tide

Question 17

wave cut notch (2)

Answer 17

waves creates a notch at the base of a cliff from erosion over time and this weakens the cliff and makes it more susceptible to erosion
-cliffs are then pushed back over time

Question 18

wave cut platform (1)

Answer 18

the undercutting of a cliff causes the cliff to move so far back that theres a flat platform that can be seen at lowtide

Question 19

longshore drift (1)

Answer 19

direction the sea and waves carry sediment [its not towards the land it goes like sideways if that makes sense]

Question 20

[sand] spit (2)

Answer 20

when landscape turns in another direction

-a ridge of sand and stones

Question 21

sand bar (2)

Answer 21

creates a natural dam preventing water from entering sea

-forms lagoon