Erosion and Deposition Flashcards
What is the name of the process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another?
Erosion
A _____________ is a very rapid type of erosion.
mudflow
Name 3 of the 5 types of erosion.
Gravity
Running Water
Glaciers
Waves
Wind
What is the material moved by erosion called?
Sediment
What types of material are considered sedimant?
Pieces of Rock
Soil
Plant Remains
Animal Remains
Ash
Both weathering and erosion produce __________.
sediment
______________ occurs when the sediment moved by erosion is deposited in a new location.
Deposition
__________, ___________, and _____________ act together in a cycle that wears down and builds up Earth’s Surface.
These three work together to be destructive and constructive.
Weathering, erosion, and deposition act together in a cycle that wears down and builds up Earth’s Surface.
These three work together to be destructive and constructive forces that continually change the surface of the Earth.
As a mountain wears down in one place, new landforms _________ ____ in other places.
build up
__________ is the force that moves rock and other materials downhill.
Gravity
Gravity causes _______ ____________, any one of several processes that move sediment downhill.
mass movement
The different types of mass movement include landslides, mudflows, slump, and creep.
The most destructive kind of mass movement is a __________, which occurs when rock and soil slide quickly down a steep slope.
landslide
An ______________ can trigger both mudflows and landslides.
earthquake
Moving _________ is the major agent of the erosion that has shaped Earth’s land surface.
water
What is runoff?
Runoff is water that moves over Earth’s surface.
As runoff travels, it forms tiny grooves in the soil called _______. A ________ is a large groove, or channel, in the soil that carries runoff after a rain storm.
rills
Gully
Gullies join together to form a large channel called a _________.
stream
A **stream **is a channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope. Unlike gullies, streams rairly dry up.
A stream frows into a large stream or river by recieving water from _____________.
tributaries
A tributary is a stream or river that flows into a larger river. For example, the Missouri and the Ohio rivers are tributaries of the Mississippi River.
Name 2 of the 5 features that a river creates by way of erosion on its way to the sea.
Valleys
Waterfalls
Flood Plains
Meanders
Oxbow Lakes
Look at the picture and tell me what the river has created.
A meander is a loop-like bend in the course of a river. As the river winds from side to side, it tends to erode the outer bank and tends to deposit sediment on the inner bank fo the bend. Over time, the meander becomes more and more curved.
When a meander is cut off from the river it creates a _______ _______.
oxbow lake
Can you locate where the meander has been cut off and created a oxbow lake in the picture?
Deposition creates landforms such as __________ fans and ________. It can also add soil to a river’s flood plain.
An alluvial fan is a wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a steep, narrow mountain valley. This deposit is shaped like a fan.
Deltas are formed when sediment from a river reaches the ocean or a lake and is deposited.
____________ is the term geologists use for underground water.
Groundwater
**Groundwater **can cause erosion through a process of chemical weathering. When water sinks into the ground it combines with carbon dioxide to form a weak acid, called carbonic acid. Over time this acid creates pockets in the rock below the surface.
Carbonic acid in groundwater weathers away the rock and creates caves and caverns over time.
A deposit in a cave that hangs from the ceiling like an icicle is called a __________, while a deposit that climbs up from the floor of the cave is called a ___________.
A Stalactite, holds on tight to the ceiling while a Stalagmite, might reach the ceiling.
