Erogenic acids Flashcards
What are Ergogenic Aids?
A substance, object or method used to improve or enhance performancd
What is WADA (World Anti Doping Agency)?
Lead collaborative worldwide movement for doping free sport and compiles the list if prohibited + non prohibited substances and methods used in sport
What are pharmacological aids?
Pharmacological aids are used to increase the level of hormones or neural transmitters naturally produced by the body = most are ILLEGAL
What are some examples of pharmacological aids?
- anabolic steroids
- erythropoietin (EPO)
- human growth hormone (HGH)
Describe anabolic steroids:
- definition
- available?
- detect?
Anabolic steroids are synthetic hormones which resemble the male hormone TESTOSTERONE + taken to promote protein synthesis and muscle growth
- easily accessible + available = tablet, capsule, solution (injection), cream form
- easy to detect in urine sample
What are some ads of taking anabolic steroids?
- aerobic benefit
- strength increase
- quality + quantity of training increase
- speed of recovery is faster
What are some disads of taking anabolic steroids?
Cause:
- irritability
- aggressiveness
- paranoia
- acne
- liver damage
- heart failure
Men:
- testes shrink
- sperm count decreases
- hair loss
- breast tissue development
Female:
- facial hair growth
- deeper voice
When are anabolic steroids used in sports?
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Describe Erythropoietin (EPO) / Recombinant Erythropoietin (RhEPO)
- define
- availability?
- detect?
- Erythropoietin is a hormone responsible for the production of red blood cells (EPO) = increased red blood cells
- synthetically made EPO = Recombinant RhEPO
- available as an injection
- difficult to detect via blood and/or urine sample due to naturally circulating levels of EPO in the body
- unusually high blood cell count
- take plasma infusion to reduce health risks + positive result
What are the disads of EPO?
EPO abuse can lead to:
- hyper-viscosity of blood = increased blood viscosity decreased cardiac output, increased risk of blood clots + heart failure)
- decrease of naturally produced EPO
What are the ads of EPO?
- aerobic benefit
- increase production of red blood cells
- increase oxygen transport
- increase aerobic capacity = therefore intensity + duration of performance before becoming fatigued
Describe Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
- define
- availability?
- detect?
- HGH is an illegal synthetic product copying the natural growth hormone to increase protein synthesis for muscle growth, recovery + repair
- available as injection = preferred over testosterone (less hormonal disturbance)
- difficult to detect due to naturally circulating levels
What are the ads of HGH?
- aerobic benefit
- increased muscle mass + strength
- increased fat metabolism (decreased fat mass = leaner)
- increased blood glucose
- increased speed of recovery
- increased intensity + duration of training
What are the disads of HGH?
life threatening consequences:
- abnormal bone + muscle development
- enlargement of vital organs
- heart failure
- increased risk of cancers
What type of sports is HGH used for?
Associated with:
- maximal + explosive strength based performers e.g. power lifters, body holders, sprinters + throwers
