Erikson's Psychosocial Development Flashcards
What stage is Birth to 18 months?
Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
What stage is 18 months to 3 years?
Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
What stage is 3 to 6 years?
Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt
What stage is 6 to 12 years?
Stage 4: Industry vs Inferiority
What stage is Adolescence?
Stage 5: Identity vs Role Confusion
What stage is Young Adulthood?
Stage 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
What stage is Middle Adulthood?
Stage 7: Generativity vs Stagnation
What stage is Late Adulthood?
Stage 8: Integrity vs Despair
Positive resolution of Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
Reliance on consistent and warm caregivers produces a sense of predictability and trust in the environment.
Positive resolution of Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Caregivers encourage independence and self-sufficiency, promoting positive self-esteem.
Positive resolution of Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt
The child learns to initiate activities and develops a sense of social responsibility concerning the rights of others; promotes self-confidence.
Positive resolution of Stage 4: Industry vs Inferiority
Through experiences with parents and “keeping up” with peers, the child develops a sense of pride and competence in schoolwork and home and social activities
Positive resolution of Stage 5: Identity vs Role Confusion
Through experimentation with different roles, the adolescent develops an integrated and stable self-definition; forms commitments to future adult roles.
Positive resolution of Stage 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
By establishing lasting and meaningful relationships, the young adult develops a sense of connectedness and intimacy with others.
Positive resolution of Stage 7: Generativity vs Stagnation
Through child rearing, caring for others, productive work, and community involvement, the adult expresses unselfish concern for the welfare of the next generation.
Positive resolution of Stage 8: Integrity vs Despair
In reviewing his or her life, the older adult experiences a strong sense of self-acceptance and meaningfulness in his or her accomplishments.
Negative resolution of Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
Physical and psychological neglect by caregivers leads to fear, anxiety, and mistrust of the environment.
Negative resolution of Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Overly restrictive caregiving leads to self-doubt in abilities and low self-esteem.
Negative resolution of Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt
Parental overcontrol stifles the child’s spontaneity, sense of purpose, and social learning; promotes guilt and fear of punishment.
Negative resolution of Stage 4: Industry vs Inferiority
Negative experiences with parents or failure to “keep up” with peers leads to pervasive feelings of inferiority and inadequacy.
Negative resolution of Stage 5: Identity vs Role Confusion
An apathetic adolescent or one who experiences pressures and demands from others may feel confusion about his or her identity and role in society.
Negative resolution of Stage 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
Because of fear of rejection or excessive self-preoccupation, the young adult is unable to form close, meaningful relationships and becomes psychologically isolated.
Negative resolution of Stage 7: Generativity vs Stagnation
Self-indulgence, self-absorption, and a preoccupation with one’s own needs lead to a sense of stagnation, boredom, and a lack of meaningful accomplishments.
Negative resolution of Stage 8: Integrity vs Despair
In looking back on his or her life, the older adult experiences regret, dissatisfaction, and disappointment about his or her life and accomplishments.
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
Hope
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Will
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt
Purpose
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 4: Industry vs Inferiority
Confidence
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 5: Identity vs Role Confusion
Fidelity
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
Love
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 7: Generativity vs Stagnation
Care
Basic Virtue to Gain from Stage 8: Integrity vs Despair
Wisdom
