Erikson's Eight Stages Of Man

Question 1

Stage 1:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 1

• Infancy: Birth-18 Months
• Trust vs Mistrust
• HOPE

Tasks:

• Sense of Trust/Optimism
• World is safe
• Some mistrust appropriate: stranger anxiety

Question 2

Stage 2:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 2

• Early Childhood- 18 months-3 yrs
• Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt
• WILL

Task:

• Some shame/doubt makes us consider the impact of our actions on others
• Too much creates inhibition
• Positive sense of self comes out of positive interactions w caregivers

Question 3

Stage 3:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 3

Play Stage: 3-6

Initiative vs Guilt

PURPOSE

Tasks:

• Ability to set goals and devise/carry out plans w/out infringing on rights of others

⬆️ Initiative ⬇️ Guilt = Ruthlessness

⬇️ Initiative ⬆️ Guilt = Inhibition

Question 4

Stage 4:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 4

• School Age: 6-11
• Industry vs Inferiority
• COMPETENCE

Tasks:

• Increasing awareness of self as individual and cultural differences.
• Being responsible, being good, doing it right
• Eager to learn/accomplish more complex skills: reading, writing, telling time
• Express independence by being disobedient

⬆️ Industry ⬇️ Inferiority = Arrogance, Adultification

⬇️ Industry ⬆️ Inferiority = Incompetence, Low Self Esteem

Question 5

Stage 5:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 5

Adolescence (11-18)

Identity vs Role Confusion

FIDELITY

Task:

• Try on different identities.
• Fidelity means friends w/ very different people w/ different values

⬆️ Identity ⬇️ Role Confusion = Inflexibility, Fanatacism

⬇️ Identity ⬆️ Role Confusion = Cult member

Question 6

Stage 6:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 6

Young Adulthood (19-40)

Intimacy vs Isolation

LOVE

Tasks:
- Intimate bonds of love and friendship

Question 7

Stage 7:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 7

Middle Adulthood (40-65)

Generativity vs Stagnation

CARE

Tasks:

• Sense of unity with mate
• Guide next generation
• Civic responsibility
• Take care of parents

⬆️ Generativity = Exhaustion/Overextension

⬆️ Stagnation = Self-absorption, lack of meaning

Question 8

Stage 8:

Age

Psychosocial Crisis

Virtue

Central Tasks

Answer 8

Old Age (65+)

Integrity vs Despair

MATURITY

Tasks:

• Come to terms with limitations and mortality
• Accepting it’s too late to change one’s life
• Face death w/out dread or despair

⬆️ Integrity = Presumption, False wisdom

⬆️ Despair = Withdrawing from life, Inability to face reality of death