Erikson’s Developmental Theory Flashcards
Trust vs Mistrust
The psychosocial task during this stage is to achieve a balance between trust and mistrust. Basic trust develops in the context of the relationship between the infant and the primary caregiver and forms the foundation for all other stages of development. Failure to master task can result in pervasive mistrust of others OR dependent, unthinking, rigid adulation of others.
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
(18 months to 3 years) the toddlers psychological task during this stage is to achieve a sense of independence over her own body in the context of relationships with primary caregivers. Control results in doubt and shame. Exploration results in confidence and ego strength.
Initiative vs Guilt (3-6 years)
The child’s psychosocial task during this stage is to set goals and carry out plans without infringing in the rights of others.
Industry vs Inferiority (6-12 years)
The child’s psychosocial task during this stage is to develop a sense of competence by beginning school and learning to do things in his own which instills a sense of pride and confidence. A child’s peer group also brings to be of greater significance during this stage. If adults do not support the child in his initiative, then a sense of inferiority is likely to develop where the child doubts his own abilities.
Identity vs Role Confusion(12-18 years)
The adolescents task is to learn the roles that s/he will occupy as an adult while developing a sense of personal identity. Peer relationships help them to explore various identities. Success in this stage leads to fidelity where the adolescent feels comfortable with others who have varying values, while remaining true to their own identity. Failure my result in role confusion or weaker sense of self.
Intimacy vs. Isolation (18-40 years)
The task during this stage is to begin forming intimate relationships with other people. Failure to developers intimacy can lead to isolation, loneliness, and a feeling of exclusion.
Generativity vs Stagnation (40-65 years)
The psychosocial task during this stage is to participate in activities that give the individual a sense of purpose such as a career, raising children, etc. failure may result in feeling less connection to others or a feeling of uselessness.
Ego Integrity vs Despair: (65-death)
The psychosocial task during this stage is for older adults to look back in life and feel a sense of fulfillment and accomplishment. This wisdom allows for them to face the end of life and accept success and failures. Those who view life as unproductive or with regrets may lead to depression and hopelessness.
