Erik Erikson: Post- Freudian Theory Flashcards
emphasizes the integration of biological and psychosocial forces in the determination of personality development
ego psychology
according to Erikson, the center of our personality is the:
ego
a partially unconscious organizing agency that synthesizes our present experiences with past self-identities and also with our anticipated images of self
ego
three interrelated aspects of ego
- body ego
- ego ideal
- ego identity
an aspect of ego that represents the image we have of ourselves that established the ideal
ego ideal
an aspect of ego that refers to experiences with our body; a way of seeing our physical self as different form other people
ego body
an aspect of ego that refers to the image we have of ourselves in the variety of social roles we play.
ego identity
ego exists as ___________ at birth, but it must _______ from within the cultural environment
potential; emerge
an illusion perpetuated or perpetrated by a particular society that it is somehow the chosen human species
Pseudospecies
a process of attaining complete ego, with each stage developing at its proper time, predetermined rate, and in a fixed sequence
epigenetic principle
Several basic points to understand the psychosocial development
- the growth follows epigenetic principle
- interaction of opposites- syntonic element (harmonious) and dystonic element (disruptive)
- the conflict produces basic strength
- insufficient basic strength results in a core pathology
- there will always be a biological aspect of personality development
- ego identity is shaped by multiplicity of conflicts and events
- during each stage, personality development is characterized as identity crisis
the growth takes place according to the
epigenetic principle
there is an interaction of opposites called
syntonic element (harmonious) and dystonic element (disruptive)
insufficient basic strength results in _______
core pathology
ego identity is shaped by
multiplicity of conflicts and events
during each stage, personality development is characterized
identity crisis
the conflict between the syntonic and dystonic elements produces
basic strength
the first stage characterized by the time of incorporation, through oral sensory mode
Infancy
oral sensory mode stage is characterized by two modes of incorporation
- receiving
2. accepting what is given
infant’s most significant interpersonal relation
primary caregiver
psychosocial crisis during infancy
basic trust vs. basic mistrust
how does an infant learn basic mistrust?
once they find no correspondence between their oral-sensory needs and their environment
first basic strength
hope
if infants do not develop sufficient hope during infancy, they will demonstrate the
withdrawal (core pathology of infancy)
this stage is characterized as the development of sense of control over the personal environment as well as a measure of self-control; beginning of free will and willpower
Early childhood
psychosexual mode during earl childhood
anal-urethral-muscular mode
major psychosocial crisis during early childhood
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
a feeling of self- consciousness, of being looked at and exposed
shame
the basic conflict during early childhood
child’s striving for autonomy and the parents attempt to control the child though the use of shame and doubt
the basic strength during early childhood
will
the feeling of not being certain, the feeling that something remain hidden and cannot be seen
doubt
inadequate will is expressed as
compulsion (core pathology)
the stage in which children are developing conscience and beginning to attach moral labels such as right and wrong
Play age
the primary psychosexual mode during the play age
genital-locomotor
according to erikson, this is a drama played out in a child’s imagination as an expression of genital mode as well as the developing locomotor activities
Oedipus complex
the crisis during play age
initiative vs. guilt
the consequence of taboo and inhibited goals
guilt
core pathology of the play age
inhibition
basic strength during play age
purpose
this stage is characterized as the expansion of the children’s social world beyond family
School Age
the period of psychosexual that allows children to divert their energies to learning the technology of their culture and the strategy of their social interaction and begin to form the image of a picture of themselves as being competent or incompetent
sexual latency
crisis during school age
industry vs. inferiority
basic strength of school age
competence
this stage is characterized as the development of sense of control over the personal environment as well as a measure of self-control; beginning of free will and willpower
Early childhood
psychosexual mode during earl childhood
anal-urethral-muscular mode
major crisis during adolescence
identity vs. identity confusion
a feeling of self- consciousness, of being looked at and exposed
shame
the basic conflict during early childhood
child’s striving for autonomy and the parents attempt to control the child though the use of shame and doubt
the basic strength during early childhood
will
the feeling of not being certain, the feeling that something remain hidden and cannot be seen
doubt
inadequate will is expressed as
compulsion (core pathology)
the stage in which children are developing conscience and beginning to attach moral labels such as right and wrong
Play age
the primary psychosexual mode during the play age
genital-locomotor
according to erikson, this is a drama played out in a child’s imagination as an expression of genital mode as well as the developing locomotor activities
Oedipus complex
the crisis during play age
initiative vs. guilt
the consequence of taboo and inhibited goals
guilt
core pathology of the play age
inhibition
basic strength during play age
purpose
this stage is characterized as the expansion of the children’s social world beyond family
School Age
the period of psychosexual that allows children to divert their energies to learning the technology of their culture and the strategy of their social interaction and begin to form the image of a picture of themselves as being competent or incompetent
sexual latency
crisis during school age
industry vs. inferiority
basic strength of school age
competence
a period from puberty to young adulthood
adolescence
by the end of adolescence period, a person must gain __________
a stable ego identity
major crisis during adolescence
identity vs. identity confusion
this stage is characterized by experimenting in various ways and t try out new roles and beliefs to establish a sense of ego identity
adolescence
defined as genital maturation
puberty
a turning point, a crucial period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential
crisis
two sources of identity of adolescents
- adolescent’e affirmation of repudiation pf childhood identifications
- their historical and social context, which encourage to conform to certain standards
