Erickson Flashcards
What is the stage during the first year of life?
Trust vs. mistrust: infants must form trusting relationships with caregivers or they will learn to distrust the world
What is the stage during the second year of life?
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt: toddlers must develop self-confidence and a sense of mastery over themselves and their worlds and they must use newly developed motor skills, or they will develop shame and doubt about their inability to develop control.
What is the stage during years 3-5?
Initiative vs. guilt: Young children must develop a growing capacity to plan and initiate actions or they may feel guilt about their taking initiative.
What is the stage during years 6-11?
Industry vs. inferiority: School-aged children must develop a sense of competence to master and complete tasks or they learn to feel inferior or incompetent.
What is the significant relationship during trust vs. mistrust?
Mother
What is the significant relationship during autonomy vs. shame and doubt?
Parents
What is the significant relationship during initiative vs. guilt?
Basic family
What is the significant relationship during industry vs. inferiority?
Neighborhood; school
What is a favorable outcome of trust vs. mistrust?
Hope. Trust in the world and the future. Able to form relationships.
What is an unfavorable outcome of trust vs. mistrust?
Fear of the future; suspicion. Difficulty with trust in future relationships.
What is a favorable outcome of autonomy vs. shame and doubt?
Sense of success, self-control. Will. Ability to exercise choice as well as self-restraint; a sense of self-esteem leading to good will and pride.
What is an unfavorable outcome of autonomy vs. shame and doubt?
Sense of loss of control or sense of control of the external world; propensity for shame and doubt about personal control in general
What is a favorable outcome of initiative vs. guilt?
Purpose and direction; ability to initiate one’s own directions and to enjoy one’s accomplishments.
What is an unfavorable outcome of initiative vs. guilt?
Fear of punishment; self-restriction or overcompensating by showing off.
What is a favorable outcome of industry vs. inferiority?
Competence in physical, intellectual, and social skills. Ability to relate to the world of skills and tools.
