Era 6 Review

Question 1

Explain the various methods used to deal with Native Americans

Answer 1

• Killing them (Sand Creek Massacre & Wounded Knee)

- Dawes Act & assimilation

Question 2

Why was the Dawes act significant?

Answer 2

• Wanted to “kill the Indian but have the person”

- They wanted to Americanize the Indians and break them from their culture

Question 3

Explain the frontier myth and the role is played in settling the west

Answer 3

Portrayed as an area of unsettled land with heroic individuals that conquered native and Mexican-Americans

Question 4

What was the importance of the Homestead act?

Answer 4

• offered 160 acres of land to any family who wanted to move, over 500,000 went

Question 5

what were the three main industries of the frontier economy?

Answer 5

• mining (gold continued to be found)
• cattle ranching (cattle was now able to be transported via railroad)
• farming (homestead act)

Question 6

Who was Helen Hunt Jackson?

Answer 6

• Wrote a book called “A Century of Dishonor”

- Publicized injustices done to American Indians and created sympathy but generated assimilation

Question 7

Main goal of the populist movement? (5)

Answer 7

• Direct election of US senators
• Use of initiatives and referendums that allowed citizens to vote directly on laws
• Unlimited coinage of silver
• graduated income tax
• public ownership of railroads

Question 8

Who did gilded age Republicans receive support from?

Answer 8

Men in business and from middle class Anglo-Saxon Protestants

Question 9

How did Joseph Pulitzer shape american culture?

Answer 9

• Had a newspaper called “New York world” and it exposed political and economic corruption

Question 10

What were the goals of the American Federation of labor?

Answer 10

• Higher wages

- improve working conditions

Question 11

What was the outcome of the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court ruling?

Answer 11

“Separate but equal” segregation was allowed

Question 12

What were the collective goals of the progressive movement? (5)

Answer 12

• Protect social welfare
• use the scientific method to solve social problems
• promote moral improvement
• create economic reform
• reform the government

Question 13

What was the Niagara movement?

Answer 13

• Led by Dubois and he met with a group of black intellectuals in Niagara Falls, Canada
• formed a program aimed at securing equal rights for blacks and later formed NAACP

Question 14

What was the federal trade commission?

Answer 14

an agency that was empowered To investigate and take action against any unfair trade practice in every industry except banking and transportation

Question 15

16th amendment

Answer 15

Income tax

Question 16

17th amendment

Answer 16

Direct election of US senators

Question 17

18th amendment

Answer 17

Prohibition of alcohol

Question 18

19th amendment

Answer 18

Granted women the right to vote

Question 19

What are muckrakers? who were they?

Answer 19

• Writers and journalist who attempted to expose corruption in American society
• Thomas Nast
• Jacob Riis
• Upton Sinclair

Question 20

What were ethnic enclaves?

Answer 20

Groups of people with the same culture for a small community within a large city

Question 21

Difference between old immigrants and new immigrants?

Answer 21

OLD: Germany, Scandinavia, Britain, high literacy rates, English speaking
NEW: Italian, Greek, Croatian, Slovakian, Polish, and Russian, low literacy rates, Roman Catholic Greek and Russian orthodox, or Jewish

Question 22

What was the Sherman antitrust act? why was it largely ineffective?

Answer 22

Act: Outlawed “combinations in restraint of trade”, law against monopolies
ineffective: To vaguely worded andSupreme Court ruled the law only could be appointed to commerce not manufacturing

Question 23

What was the triangle shirt waist fire?

Answer 23

146 garment workers were killed in a fire because it had been locked into a factory by managers

Question 24

Why was Roosevelt known as the trustbuster?

Answer 24

Implemented the “square deal” which was a series of reforms designed to protect people from business and break up monopolies

Question 25

Explain Carnegies gospel of wealth.

Answer 25

An essay that explained that wealth came with responsibility to manage money correctly

Question 26

Difference between AFL and CIO?

Answer 26

AFL: Wanted negotiations with management and organize skilled laborers
CIO: Focus mainly on factory and mine workers and organized unskilled laborers

Question 27

Why did city bosses receive support from inner-city immigrants and African-Americans?

Answer 27

They help solve problems in the city to gain support

Question 28

Graft

Answer 28

Illegal use of political influence for personal gain

Question 29

Patronage

Answer 29

Rewarding voters for supporting a political candidate

Question 30

What was the Pendleton civil service act?

Answer 30

Stated that government jobs must be appointed based on the merit system rather than patronage

Question 31

Greenback party

Answer 31

• Believe that money didn’t need to be back by gold or silver
• northern farmers prospered

Question 32

Socialist party

Answer 32

Favored public ownership of railroads, utilities, and the oil and steel industries

Question 33

Explain the Pullman strike and the role of the government played

Answer 33

The strike showed businesses were easily able to replace workers in the government played no role

Question 34

The main point of William Jennings Bryan’s cross of gold speech

Answer 34

To show that bimetallism would bring the nation prosperity

Question 35

What role did Ida B Wells play in the civil rights movement

Answer 35

• A founding member of the NAACP and led anti-lynching campaigns