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ER EOR Prep > ER Questions > Flashcards

ER Questions Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

Components of glasgow coma score

A

Eye opening,motor, verbalizing

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2
Q

Dead patient has a GCS of

A

3

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3
Q

GCS score <_ is coma

A

8

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4
Q

Beck’s triad

A

muffles heart sounds, high neck veings, HoTN- cardiac tamponade

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5
Q

Pulse felt at radial means BP of atleast

A

90

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6
Q

Pulse felt at brachial means BP of atleast

A

80

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7
Q

Pulse felt at femoral means SBP of atleast

A

70

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8
Q

Pulse felt at carotid means SBP of atleast

A

60

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9
Q

What kind of shock occurs when the heart is not pumping well enough to push adequate volume to perfuse?

A

cardiogenic

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10
Q

what kind of shock occurs when there is not enough blood volume to perfuse?

A

hypovolemic

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11
Q

What kind of shock occurs when cardiac output increases, but vasculature is too dilated dt inflamm rxn causing insufficient pressure to perfuse?

A

septic

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12
Q

What kind of shock occurs when there is dilated vasculature dt spinal cord injury

A

neurogenic

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13
Q

Potential spaces for life threatening internal hemorrhage

A

Chest Pelvis Abdomen Femur Scalp

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14
Q

toxicology causes of HTN

A 
CT SCAN:
cocaine
thyroid supplements
sympathomimetics
caffeine
anticholinergics, amphetamines
nicotine
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15
Q

toxicology causes of HoTN

A 
CRASH:
clonidine (CCBs)
reserpine (and other BP meds)
antidepressantes, aminophylline
sedative hypnotics
heroin and other opiates
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16
Q

toxicology caues of tachycardia

A 
FAST:
Freebase & other cocaine forms
anticholinergics, amphetamine, antihistamines
sympathomimetics, solvent abuse
theophylline
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17
Q

toxicology causes of bradycardia

A 
PACED:
propranolol & BP meds
anticholinesterases
clonidine & CCBs
ethanol & other alcohols
digoxin
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18
Q

toxicology causes of tachypnea

A

PANT:
PCP, pneumonitis (chemical)
ASA, other salicylates
toxin induced metab acidosis

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19
Q

toxicology causes of slow respirations

A 
SLOW:
sedative hypnotics
liquor
opiates
weed
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20
Q

toxicology causes of hyperthermia

A 
NASA:
neuroleptic malig syn, nicotine
antihistamines
salicylates, sympathomimetics
anticholinergics, antidepressants
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21
Q

toxicology causes of hypothermia

A 
COOLS:
carbon monoxide
opiates
oral hypoglycemis, insulin
liquor
sedative hypnotics
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22
Q

vertical or rotary nystagmus

A

think PCP

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23
Q

toxicology causes of seizures

A 
OTIS CAMPBELL:
organophosphates
tricyclic antidepressant
isoniazid, insulin
sympathomimetics
cocaine, camphor
amphetamines, anticholinergics
methylxanthines (theophylline, caffeiene)
PCP
benzo withdrawal
ethanol withdrawal
lithium, lidocaine
lead, lindane
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24
Q

Anticholinergic toxidrome

A

hyperthermia, flushed skin, dry skin, dilated pupils, delirium/halluc/szs
hot as hare, red as a beat, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter

tachycardia, htn, urinary retention, decreased bs

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25
Q

cholinergic(organophosphates/insecticides) toxidrome

A 
DUMBELS:
diarrhea, diaphoresis
urinar and/or fecal incontinence
miosis
bradycardia, bronchosecretions/spasms
emesis
lacrimation
salvation
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26
Q

EKG showing diffuse T wave peaking

A

hyperkalemia

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27
Q

cholinergic(organophosphates/insecticides) toxidrome

A

contraleteral- left

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28
Q

tongue pointing to right/ deviating from left means stroke on which side of brain

A

points to contralateral- left brain

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29
Q

leg weakness on left means stroke on which side

A

contralateral- right brain

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30
Q

toxic dose of acetaminophen/tylenol

A

150 mg/kg

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31
Q

antidote for acetaminophen overdose

A

N-acetylcysteine

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32
Q

toxic and lethal dose of aspirin

A

toxic 160mg/kg lethatl 500mg/kg

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33
Q

treatment of aspirin OD

A

correct fluids and acid/base
lytes- k replacement, glucose
urine alkalinization via sodium bicarb if level >35mg/dL

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34
Q

what NSAID has 4 stages of OD

A

acetaminophen

35
Q

“stepping out into a snowstorm” vision

A

methanol poisoning

36
Q

Antibiotic for gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone 250mg IM

37
Q

Antibiotic for chlamydia

A

Azithromycin 1g PO once

38
Q

MC STI

A

chlamydia

39
Q

Antibiotics for otupt PID

A

Ceftriaxone, Doxycycline, Flagyl

40
Q

MP rash involving palms and soles with “copper penny” lesions

A

Syphilis

41
Q

how to dx syphilis

A

VDRL for screening, FTA-ATBs is confirmatory

42
Q

Antibiotic for syphilis

if allergy

A

Benzathine PCN-G (Bicillin)

Doxycycline

43
Q

dx of herpes

A

Gold standard is tissue culture

tzank smear showing multinucleated giant cells

44
Q

MC HPV types

A

6 & 11

45
Q

MC HPV types for cervical dysplasia

A

16 & 18

46
Q

causitive agent of chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyia

47
Q

painful necrotizing genital ulcer with inguinal LAD

A

chancroid

48
Q

antibiotcs for chancroid

A

azithromycin, ceftriaxone, cipro

49
Q

tx for acute cystitis

A

Cephalexin
Cipro (no prego)
Nitrofuratoin (prego good)
Bactrim

50
Q

tx acute pyelonephritis outpt

A

Cipro, Bactrim DS

51
Q

tx acute bacterial prostatis outpt

A

Cipro x 21d

52
Q

acute epididymitis <40 yo

A

Cef + Doxy

53
Q

acute epididymitis >40 yo

A

Cipro or Bactrim

54
Q

tx for varicocele

A

NSAID/ Naprosyn, scrotal support

55
Q

buckle fracture occurs in what part of bone

A

metaphysis

56
Q

PEDS ortho that are MC in females

A

nursemaids elbow, patellar dislocation, scoliosis, systemic lupus

57
Q

changes in inferior leads (II, III, aVF)

A

inferior MI- RCA

58
Q

changes in lateral leads ( I, aVL, V5, V6)

A

lateral MI- left circumflex

59
Q

changes in precordial leads

A

anterior MI- LAD

60
Q

changes in anterior lead (V1)

A

posterior MI- RCA

61
Q

changes in precordial leads and I and aVL

A

anterolateral MI- left main artery

62
Q

hyperkalemia leads to what arrhythmia

A

Vfib, death

63
Q

what lyte distrubance and lead to torsades

A

hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia

64
Q

MC cardiomyopathy

A

dilated- enlargement of one or all chambers or heart, systolic dysfx

65
Q

intraarticular fx of thumb

A

Bennett’s fx

66
Q

comminuted thumb fx

A

Rolando’s fx

67
Q

Gamekeeper’s fx involves

A

ulnar collateral lig of thumb (aka skier’s thumb)

68
Q

mallet finger is

A

extensor tendon injury, from hyperflexion

69
Q

MC injured carpal ligament

A

scapholunate ligament

70
Q

varus stress of knee tests

A

LCL

71
Q

valgus stress of knee tests

A

MCL

72
Q

distal radial fx with dorsal displacement

A

colles fx

73
Q

distal radial fx with palmar displacement

A

smiths fx

74
Q

comminuted distal radius fx with articular surface involvement displaced fx ulnar styloid

A

bartons fx

75
Q

fx proximal ulna, dislocation radial head

A

monteggia fx dislocation

76
Q

fx proximal radius, dislocation of distal radioulnar joing

A

galeazzi fx dislocation

77
Q

proximal fibula shaft fx with distal tibia fx

A

maisonneurve fx

78
Q

transverse fx proximal 5th metacarpal

A

jones fx

79
Q

fx/dislocation at tarsometatarsal joint with LATERAl subluxation of metatarsal

A

Lis franc fx

80
Q

drooling, dysphagia, distress

A

epiglottitis (supraglottitis) ABCs ceftriaxone IV

81
Q

hard, nontender swelling on eye lid with redness

A

chalazion, warm compress and lid scrubs

82
Q

Bells Palsy affects CN

A

CN7

83
Q

Bells palsy is caused by? tx..

A

HSV1 generally, acyclovir within 72hrs

ER EOR Prep (1 decks)

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