Equipment Operation B: O2 and CO2 Analyzers Flashcards
The Severinghaus Electrode measures ___.
It consists of a ___ membrane spacer and a ___ membrane.
PCO2
Nylon, Teflon
The Clark Electrode measures ___.
It consists of a ___ membrane spacer. Do not use a ___ membrane.
PO2.
Polypropylene membrane / mylar membrane.
The Clark electrode uses a ___ cathode and a ___ anode. You clean the Clark electrode with ___.
Platinum, Silver
Pumice
The Sanz electrode is actually two electrodes: one is the ___ electrode and the other is the ___ electrode.
Reference electrode and measuring electrode.
A blood gas analyzer measures ___, ___, and ___. All other values are calculated.
PCO2, PO2, and pH.
When using CO2 to calibrate equipment, you will have two CO2 tanks. The low tank will contain ___% CO2 and the other will contain ___% CO2.
5% for low tank.
10% for high tank.
What’s the equation to convert percentage of oxygen into mmHg?
PB-PH2O x Fractional Concentration of Gas
Or
(760-47) x (gas concentration percentage as a decimal)
Should equal the same as the PO2 digital readout.
When you’re calibrating gases, and you get unstable readings, consider ___.
Worn or ruptured membranes.
When you’re calibrating gases and there’s a clot on the membrane, you should insert ___ into the machine and then do two ___ .
Protein remover
2 rinse cycles
When you’re calibrating gases and you get a noisy or erratic reading, consider ___.
Before you do this, you have to check ___.
Re-membraning the electrodes.
Levels of solutions in gas cylinders to make sure they’re not low or empty.
There are three types of oxygen analyzers. What are they?
Polargraphic, Galvanic, and Zirconium.
You’re going to use an oxygen analyzer for exercise testing. You’re going to measure FeO2. When calibrating, ___ will be your high point and ___ will be your low point.
High: 21%
Low: 12-14%
If you’re having a problem with an oxygen analyzer, the best choice is ___. Polargraphic oxygen analyzer may require you to check ___.
Replace the fuel cell.
Check level of electrolyte or humidity.
What is tonometry used for?
Quality control of blood gas analyzers.
Galvanic fuel cell / Zirconium fuel cell oxygen analyzers and the polargraphic oxygen analyzers will display a percentage, but it’s not actually measuring the percentage of oxygen. It’s measuring ___.
Pressure of oxygen. (So if you go up or down in altitude it will be different.)
To measure FiO2 using an oxygen analyzer, you need a __ point calibration.
2
FeO2 is measurement of expired oxygen. When is this used?
Exercise testing.
For exercise testing using a galvanic fuel cell / zirconium fuel cell oxygen analyzer, you have to calibrate it. The low calibration point is ___ to ___ and the high point is ___. This is the typical range of expired O2 during exercise.
12-14% low
21% high
If you can’t calibrate a galvanic fuel cell / zirconium fuel cell oxygen analyzer, try this:
Replace the cell.
What is the fastest responding oxygen analyzer?
Galvanic fuel cell / zirconium fuel cell oxygen analyzer
What oxygen analyzer utilizes a clark electrode?
The polarographic oxygen analyzer.
What is tonometry?
It’s a method used for quality control of blood gas analyzers.
All breathing valves should have these features:
Low dead space
Low compliance
Low resistance
Easy to clean design.
How can you tell how much deadspace is in a valve?
Fill it with water.
When should you replace CO2 Absorber (scrubber)?
When exhausted, when color changes, or weekly. (It turns CO2 into water)
When is CO2 scrubber needed?
When CO2 is rebreathed.
How can you tell when the CO2 scrubber needs to be replaced?
Color change from light brown to white or cream to violet
Patient also complains of being hot or tachypnic
How do you place absorbers?
CO2 absorber: First
Dessiccant: Second
Analyzer: Third
What does a desiccant absorb?
Water
How do you know if trhe desiccant is used up?
Changes from blue to pink.
What is permapure tubing?
It humidifies or de-humidifies air to ambient humidity.
