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Definition Deck > Equipment > Flashcards

Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

Mole

A

Amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012kg of carbon

6x 10^23 molecules

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2
Q

Ampere

A

SI unit of electric current

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3
Q

Hertz

A

1/time
Measure of frequency

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4
Q

Joule

A

Measure of work

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5
Q

Work

A

force x distance
pressure x volume

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6
Q

Power

A

Work over time, measured in Watts
Measured in joules / s

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7
Q

Basal metabolic rate

A

amount of energy liberated per unit time to maintain basal cellular function.

Normal BMR = 8000 kJ/day = 300KJ/hr

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8
Q

Calorie

A

approximate amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1g of water by 1 degree at pressure of 1atm

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9
Q

Pressure conversion from 1atm

A

1atm = 101,3 kPa = 1,01 bar = 760mmHg = 1034 cmH20

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10
Q

Gas

A

a substance above the critical temperature

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11
Q

Vapour

A

A substance in the gaseous phase below the critical temp

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12
Q

Critical temp

A

temperature above which a gas cannot be liquified by addition of pressure

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13
Q

Critical temp of
O2
N2O

A

-119
-35.5

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14
Q

Critical pressure

A

pressure required to liquify a gas at its critical temperature

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15
Q

Pseudocritical temp

A

in a mixture of gases, the temp at which the mixture may separate out into its constituents

Entonox separates into N2O and O2 at <-5 degrees

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16
Q

Temperature

A

thermal state of a substance which determines the direction of heat transfer

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17
Q

Heat

A

total kinetic energy of a substance

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18
Q

Radiation

A

transfer of heat via infrared emission down a concentration gradient

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19
Q

Convection

A

Transfer of heat via a fluid or gaseous medium, caused by the increased movement and rising of warmer substance which is replaced on colder substance

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20
Q

Conduction

A

Transfer of heat between 2 objects in direct contact

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21
Q

Evaporation

A

Transfer of heat via latent heat of evaporation

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22
Q

Specific Heat capacity

A

Amount of heat needed to raise the temp of 1kg of mass by 1 kelvin

4.18kK/kg/K for water

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23
Q

Partial pressure

A

pressure that would be exerted by one of the gases in a mixture if it occupied the same volume on its own

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24
Q

Latent heat of evaporation

A

energy that must be added to a substance to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas

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25
Boiling point
Temp at which SVP of liquid = atm
26
Triple point
Temp at which gas, solid, liquid can co-exist in equilibrium
27
Saturated vapour pressure
Pressure exerted by the vapour on its liquid phase at equilibrium at a given temperature
28
Boyle's Law
At constant temperature, pressure is inversely proportional to volume
29
Charle's Law
At a constant pressure, volume is directly proportional to temperature
30
Gay-Lussac's Law
At a constant volume, pressure is proportional to temp
31
Henry's Law
Amount of gas dissolved in liquid is proportional to partial pressure of gas at the surface of liquid
32
Dalton's law
In a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of partial pressure of the individual gases
33
Bernoulli effect
An increase in the flow velocity will be accompanied by a reduction in pressure
34
Venturi effect
Constriction of a tube causes an increase in the flow velocity and thus the reduction in pressure
35
Colligative properties
Properties that are affected by the osmolarity of the solute rather than the particles within. SVP depression Freezing point depression Boiling point elevation Increase osmotic pressure
36
Force
mass x acceleration
37
Gauge pressure
zero-referenced against ambient air pressure
38
Filling ratio
Mass of fluid in cylinder divided by mass of water required to fill the cylinder at 15 degrees
39
Filling ratio of N2O?
0.75 in UK 0.67 in hotter climates
40
Absolute humidity
Mass of water vapour per unit volume of air at a specified temp and pressure
41
Relative humidity
Percentage of absolute humidity over SVP of water at the given temp
42
Absolute humidity of water at 37 degrees?
44g/M^3
43
Dew point
Temperature at which the relative humidity is 100%
44
Partition coefficient
ratio of the amount of a substance dissolved in 2 phases of equal volume at equilibrium
45
Blood gas partition coefficient
ration of the amount of substance dissolved in blood and in gas of equal volume at equilibrium
46
Osmotic pressure
Minimum pressure needed to prevent flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane
47
Tonicity
Effective osmolarity Measure of osmotic pressure gradient between 2 solutions
48
Resting membrane potential
Potential difference across membrane at rest
49
Nernst potential
the potential across the cell membrane that exactly opposes net diffusion of a particular ion
50
Nernst potential of K, Cl, Na
-90 -70 60 mV
51
Concentration of intracellular K, Cl, Na
150mM 10mM 15mM
52
Gibbs-Donnan effect
The effect of non-diffusible charged particles on the concentration of diffusible charged particles across a semi-permeable membrane
53
Resistance unit
Wood Unit (mmHg/L/min)
54
Impedance
opposition of flow of current in an AC circuit
55
Determinants of impedance
Resistance - constant Capacitance - increase with low frequency Inductance - increase with high frequency Frequency - capacitance and inductance vary with frequency
56
Beer-Lambert Law
Absorbance is proportional to amount of substance and distance the light travels in the medium
57
Paramagnetic
unpaired electrons in the outer orbital which are attracted in the direction of a magnetic field
58
Attenuation
reduction in amplitude of ultrasound beam as a function of distance through imaging medium
59
Refraction
Wave trajectory altered as it passes from one substance to another substance with a different acoustic impedance
60
Acoustic impedance
Physical property of tissue that describes how much resistance an ultrasound beam encounters as it passes through the tissue
61
Doppler effect
Change in apparent frequency of wave for receiver moving relative to source
62
Fundamental frequency
Lowest frequency of a waveform i.e heart rate in arterial line
63
Natural frequency
Frequency at which a system will oscillate if it is set into motion and left alone
64
Resonance
Tendency to increase the oscillating amplitude if the natural frequency is at a natural number multiple of the fundamental frequency
65
Determinants of natural frequency
increase diameter reduced compliance reduced length reduced density
66
Damping
tendency to decrease the oscillating amplitude due to loss of energy within the system

Definition Deck (5 decks)

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