Equine Respiratory Dz (I, II, III) Flashcards

1
Q

Name the common Equine Resp Viral Diseases

A

EHV-1/4 (Equine Herpes Virus 1-4), EIA (Equine Invluenza Virus), EVAV (Equine Viral Arteritis Virus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe clinical signs of Eq Resp Dz

A

Serous! nasal discharge, cough (elicited or spontaneous), fever, lethargy, exercise intolerance, inappetence, lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What diagnosics distinguish between common resp pathogens

A

Serology (antibody testing - requires seroconversion! (2 samples with 4x increase in titers over time) Consider vacc. )

viral culture (slow, cumbersome, hard)
PCR for viral DNA - widely available, can do big panel for common pathogens w/ one sample
ELISA (for viral antigen, a few available)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe biosecurity for an infectious resp dz outbreak

A
  • DONT BE A FOMITE!
  • healthy, suspect, and sick pens/barns with no mixing
  • seperate equipment (and ideally staff for sick and healthy groups, if not do healthy chores first, then sick, then shower)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tx of Resp Dz (general)

A

Rest, NSAIDS, supportive therapy, fluids, +/- antibiotics if 2* bacterial dz, antivirals usually not warranted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

To test or not to test?

A

Worthwhile to stop spread (shape biosecurity measures), change/add vacc protocol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Samples to collect

A

SERUM, Transtracheal wash, nasal swab, deep pharyngeal swab,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does EHV-1 look like clinically?

A

Young horse with: Respiratory, ocular Dz, abortion, CNS disease sometimes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does EHV-4 look like?

A

Young horse with: resp/oclular signs, some abortions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

EHV-1 Abortion - how to tell?

A

fresh fetus, late term in breeding facility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

EHV-1 signs in foals

A

no good tx, rapidly progressive viral pneuomonitis, die within 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is EHM?

A

Rare complication of EHV-1, CNS signs - hindlimb incoordination can progrerss to general paralysis, recovery is variable & dep on severity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Does EHV-1 cause respriatory signs?

A

ONLY in young horses, not preceding abortion, not all cases. Herpesvirus => think latency!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Can you eliminate EHV-1 from a population?

A

NO! Herpesvirus, by nature, can go latent. Which means it can be found in closed herds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of EHV-1

A

Virus shed by adult who’s stressed, youung weanling or so gets it via nasal secretions, virus goes to LN, infects Bs/Ts => cell associated viremia => infects endothelium and causes vasculitis (if in brain then does encephalopathy, if uterus does abortion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What sample do you need to detect EHV-1

A

Whole blood! b/c cell associated viremia

can also do whole tissue samples of placenta/fetus

17
Q

Tx and prevention of EHV-1?

A

Vaccine is short lived response, can’t eliminate. Isolate new infections from herd for 28 days.

18
Q

Benefit of vaccine against EHV-1?

A

Some have been shown to reduce abortion, short lived response, can decrease likelihood of infeciton and