Equine Medicine Exam V Flashcards
The upper eyelid controls__% of the blink reflex.
75%
The ___ controls the amount of light coming into the eye. The ___ is needed for close vision. The ___ starts the visual process.
Iris; lens; retina
Identify the ocular structures.
Name the major outer, middle, and inner structures of the eye.
What are the 3 main ophthalmic diseases of eye?
What is wrong with this eye?
Describe the use of smartphones during an ophthalmologic exam of the horse.
Briefly describe the different nerve blocks we use to exam/treat the equine eye.
List some obvious structures of the horse eye that you can assess grossly.
How can use the orientation of a horse’s eyelashes to tell if they are in pain?
Describe the role of the menace reflex when we exam a horse’s eye.
Describe the role of the dazzle reflex when we exam a horse’s eye.
Describe the role of the indirect PLR when we exam a horse’s eye.
What is wrong with this eye?
Why would a horse’s cornea be green?
Why would a horse’s cornea be white?
Why would a horse’s cornea be blue?
Why would a horse’s cornea be red?
What is wrong with this eye?
What is wrong with this eye?
What is wrong with this eye?
What is wrong with this eye?
What are the indications and uses for fluorescein dye?
Corneal ulcers are best defined with ____.
What is the significance of this?
Why do we use cobalt blue UV lights in an equine ocular exam?
What is the clinical significance of erosion/abrasions?
How can we tell if an ulcer is really really deep?
Describe the importance of seidel’s test?
What is a TFBUT?
Describe the importance of cytology in equine ophthalmology.
What are some causes of iridocyclitis?
What are some early signs of uveitis in the horse?
What is wrong with this eye?
Describe the anatomical orientation of the equine cornea.
What are the different equine tear film parameters?
Identify the different ulcers in the horse.
What is wrong with this eye?
What is wrong with this eye?
What is the clinical significance of limbal stem cells?
Corneal healing occurs in two steps, what are they?
Briefly describe corneal healing in the horse.
Describe the clinical significance of proteases in corneal ulcers of the horse.
Too much enzymatic activity in the equine eye results in ____.
Every horse with a corneal ulcer has _____.
What are the different treatment pillars to managing a corneal ulcer in the horse?
What is wrong with this equine eye?
List out a comprehensive treatment plan for a superficial ulcer with minimal corneal tissue loss.
List some of the different anti fungal that we user in equine ophthalmology.
Why do we debride or burr corneal ulcers?
Melting ulcers require a ____.
What is wrong with this equine eye?
What is wrong with this equine eye?
What do corneal grooves indicate?
What are the different surgical treatments we have for deep ulcers, desmetoceles, and perforated ulcers?
What are the different medical treatments we have for deep ulcers, desmetoceles, and perforated ulcers?
What is the prognosis for an iris prolapse?
What is immune mediated epithelial keratitis?
What is chronic superficial stromal immune mediated keratitis?
What is chronic recurrent deep stromal immune mediated keratitis?
What is eosinophilic keratitis?
What is immune mediated endothelitis?
What is traumatic bullous keratopathy?
What is wrong with this eye?
What is the medical therapy for stromal abscesses in the horse?
Describe steep stromal abscesses in the horse.
What is wrong with this equine eye?
What is wrong with this eye?
What is calcific band keratopathy?
____ is the most common cause of blindness in the horse.
Uveitis
The uveal tract has __x the blood supply the brain.
10
Identify the structures.
How is uveitis similar to laminitis?
Uveitis starts as a _____ compromise.
Name the different types of uveitis in the horse.
What are some early signs of anterior uveitis?
What is iritis?
What is cyclitis?
What is aqueous flare?
What is happening to this eye?
What is happening to this eye?
What is choroiditis?
ERU is a ____ problem of ____ in the horse. It has a ___ phase and ___ phase.
Describe lymphocytes infiltration as as a component of ERU.
What is the relationship between vaccination and the development of ERU?
What vaccines should we avoid in horses with ERU?
What is moon blindness?
ERU is worse is which breed?
What are the clinical signs of ERU?
Describe TPA as a treatment for ERU.
What is the relationship between chorioretinitis and ERU?
What is happening to this eye?
What is happening to this eye?
What is the topical medical treatment for ERU?
How do we give a horse a vitreous injection?
What is the systemic medical therapy for ERU?
Describe IRAP as a treatment option for ERU.
What is the surgical treatment for ERU?
Describe the use of cyclosporine A implants for the treatment of ERU.
What is the TCVM’s recommendations for treatment of uveitis in the horse?
What is happening to this eye?
What is the cause of equine glaucoma?
What are the clinical signs of equine glaucoma?
Differentiate between the ciliary angles.
Is this normal?
Is this normal?
What is wrong here?
What is wrong with this horse eye?
What is a normal IOP for a horse?
Where should a horses’s head be when measuring their IOP?
What is wrong with this equine eye?
What is wrong with this equine eye?
What is wrong with this equine eye?
What is the recommended medical therapy for equine glaucoma?
What is the surgical therapy for equine glaucoma?
Describe the use of an intravitreal injection as a treatment option for equine glaucoma.
The uvea is composed of the ___, ____, and ___, It has ___ and ____ segments.
Identify the structures.
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
Identify the anatomy of the equine lens.
When is the lens in the eye? What holds it in place?
How do horses get cataracts? Which ones are progressive?
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
What are the treatment options for uveitic cataracts?
You should always assess the retina for ____.
Identify the structures.
If you can easily see the ____, that indicates that the optic nerve is atrophied.
Exposure of the ____ indicates demyelination.
The left image is normal, what is wrong with the right image?
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
What are the dots?
What is the etiology of congenital stationary night blindness?
What are the clinical signs of congenital stationary night blindness?
____ is rarely seen in its active state in a funduscopic exam.
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
____ and ____ are commonly found in the eyes of newborn foals.
Describe retinal detachments in the horse.
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
Describe traumatic optic neuropathy in the horse.
What are some causes of acute blindness in the horse?
What is the treatment for optic nerve trauma?
