Equilibrium and reversible reactions Flashcards
what is a reversible reaction?
A reversible reaction is a reaction that can occur in both directions
How can equilibrium be reached?
in a closed system.
what happens to the reactants and products in equilibrium?
They remain constant.
What is dynamic equilibrium?
a state of a reversible reaction in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the backward reaction and the concentrations of reactants and products remain the same.
What is the Haber process?
it is a reversible reaction used to produce ammonia using N2 and H2.
What changes make the equilibrium in a reaction change it’s position?
Temperature, pressure and concentration.
How does pressure affect equilibrium?
when the pressure is increased the equilibrium shift to the side with fewer gas molecules.
how does temperature affect the equilibrium in an exothermic reaction?
when the temperature is increased the yield of the exothermic reaction decreases and when the temperature is decreased the exothermic reaction yield increases. (it is the opposite for endothermic)
How does concentration affect the equilibrium?
it moves towards the side with less concentration, ex: if the left side has more concentration, then the equilibrium will move to the right.
how does the presence of a catalyst affect the equilibrium?
It does not affect equilibrium, instead it increases the rate of equilibrium.
if the forward reaction in exothermic, then what will be the backward reaction?
endothermic
what happens to white anhydrous copper sulfate when water is added?
turns to blue.
what happens to anhydrous cobalt chloride when water is added?
turns to pink.
How is H2 obtained in the Haber process?
from methane
what happens to the ammonia yield as pressure increases?
yield increases.
