Equilibrium and reversible reactions Flashcards
What happens in reversible reactions?
The product molecules can react with each other and form the reactant molecules again
What is dynamic equilibrium?
This is when the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate.
It occurs in apparatus which prevents the escape of reactants and products. The concentration of reactants and products remains constant.
What do the relative amounts rely on?
The relative amounts of all the reactants and products at equilibrium depend on the conditions of the reaction.
What is Le
Chatelier’s Principle?
If a change is made to any of the conditions, then the system responds to
counteract the change
How does concentration effect the reaction?
If the concentration of a reactant is increased, more products will be formed until equilibrium is reached.
If the concentration of a product is decreased, more reactants will react until equilibrium is reached again.
How does temperature effect the reaction?
Increasing the temperature favors the endothermic reaction as this brings the temperature back down.
Decreasing the temperature favors the exothermic reaction as this increases the temperature again.
How does pressure effect the reaction?
An increase in pressure causes the equilibrium position to shift towards the side with the fewer molecules.
A decrease in pressure causes the equilibrium position to shift towards the side with more molecules
What does anhydrous mean?
A substance is anhydrous when it contains no water
What does hydrated mean?
When there is water present in a substance
What is Water of crystallisation?
Water of crystallisation is the water that is included in the structure of some salts during the crystallisation process
