Equilibrium Flashcards
Equilibrium
A dynamic state in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal; no net change; 🔺G=0 , E_cell= 0
Equilibrium constant
K_eq; indicates the degree that a reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
Equilibrium constant expression
The ratio of the concentrations of the products, raised to the power of their coefficients, over the reactants, raised to the power of their coefficients
Activity
Molarity of a solution; partial pressures of a gas; and one for solids and liquids
Product favored
At equilibrium, there are more products present than reactants; large k_eq
Reactant favored
At equilibrium, there are more reactants present than products; small k_eq
K_p
Equilibrium constant calculated from partial pressures of gases;= k_c(RT)^🔺n
LeChatelier’s principal
If stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system will shift to reduce the stress.
Molarity
An expression of concentration; moles of solute per liter of solution (M)
Reaction quotient
Q; measures the relative amounts of products and reactants present during a reaction at a particular point in time; if Q=K, reaction at equilibrium
Electrolyte
A substance that produces ions when dissolved in water, and therefore, conducts electricity.
Strong electrolyte
Ionic compounds that undergoes complete dissociation when dissolved in water
Weak electrolyte
A compound that undergoes only partial dissociation when dissolved in water.
Dissociation
The separation of ions that occurs when an iconic compound dissolves.
Ex. CaCl_2(s) -> Ca^2+(aq) + 2Cl^-(aq)
Common ion effect
Suppression of ionization of a weak electrolyte by the presence of a common ion from a strong electrolyte
