Equilibria and Redox Reactions Flashcards
Explain what is meant by dynamic equilibrium
The forward reaction occurs at the same rate as the backwards reaction.
The concentrations of the products and reactants are constant.
What conditions are required for a dynamic equilibrium to be reached?
The reaction must occur in a closed system
The reaction must occur at a constant temperature
What was Le Chatelier’s principle?
If you change the concentration , pressure or temperature of a reversible reaction , the position of equilibrium will shift to oppose the change.
In a reaction at equilibrium if the pressure is increased what will happen?
The equilibrium will shift to the side where there are fewer moles to reduce the pressure, more of the side of the reaction with fewer moles will be produced.
In a reaction at equilibrium if the concentration is increased what will happen?
The reaction moves to the side where the species that has not been altered in concentration is on to try and use it up
If the FORWARD reaction is exothermic and the temperature is increased what will happen to the position of equilibrium?
The equilibrium will move to the left to absorb the heat
What observations can be made as an equilibrium changes place?
colour change providing that the reactants and products are two different colours.
Why may compromised conditions be used?
The ideal conditions may be not economically viable
The ideal conditions may require specialist equipment which is expensive
The ideal conditions may be dangerous (very High pressures)
The reaction may be too slow which will not be economically viable
What negative effect will using compromised conditions have?
It may reduce the yield of the product
What does Kc stand for?
The equilibrium constant
What is Kc ?
A ratio worked out from the concentration of products and reactants after equilibrium is reached.
when doing Kc calculations what is the units of the numbers used
moldm3 - as your working in concentration
If a reaction is exothermic is its energy change positive or negative
negative
If a reaction is endothermic is its energy change positive or negative
positive
What effect does adding a catalyst have on equilibrium
Catalysts have no effect on the position of equilibrium or the value of Kc , they will however increase the rate of both the forward and backward reaction hence equilibrium is reached more quickly.
