Equilibria

Question 1

When hydrated copper sulphate is heated what happens?

Answer 1

hydrated copper sulphate ⇌ anhydrous copper sulphate + water

Question 2

What happens to ammonium chloride when heated?

Answer 2

ammonium chloride ⇌ ammonia + hydrogen chloride

Question 3

What is the concept of dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 3

If none of the products or the reactants are removed from a reversible reaction (closed system) then the reactants make pro is and products make reactants at the same time.
• When the forwards and backward reactions go at the same rate, it is a Dynamic Equilibrium.

Question 4

What happens if pressure is increased in a dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 4

The system will act to remove it, because the molecules move in the direction of fewer molecules, so it will favour the forward reaction, and equilibrium will shift to the right because the forward reaction is making more.

Question 5

What happens if the temperature is increased in a dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 5

The system acts to remove the heat (or opposes the change) and favours the endothermic reaction and equilibrium shifts to the right.

Question 6

What is the reversible reaction sign?

Answer 6

⇌

Question 7

cobalt species + HCL ⇌ cobalt species + H₂O
• What happens if the concentration of HCL is increased?
• What happens if the concentration of H₂O is increased?

Answer 7

• If the concentration of HCL is increased, the system will act to remove it and will favour the forward reaction to remove excess HCL and equilibrium shifts to the right.
• If the concentration of H₂O is increased, the system will act to remove it and will favour the backward reaction to remove excess H₂O and equilibrium shifts to the left.

Question 8

What colour change occurs when liquid is added to anhydrous copper (II) sulphate?

Answer 8

It goes from white to blue.

Question 9

What is the chemical formula of hydrous coper sulphate?

Answer 9

CuSO₄•5H₂O