Equations

Question 1

Normal values
pH
HCO3
CO2

Answer 1

pH= 7.4
HCO3=24
CO2= 40

Question 2

Henderson eq

Acid-Base buffering

Answer 2

[H+]= 24 x (pCO2)/[HCO3]

Question 3

Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 3

MAc= HCO3<24

Question 4

Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 4

Malk= HCO3>24

Question 5

Respiratory Acidosis

Answer 5

RAc= CO2>40

Question 6

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 6

Ralk= CO2<40

Question 7

Compensation for Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 7

Mac HCO3<24
^ pCO2 to compensate (last 2 digits of pH)
pCO2= (1.5x [HCO3]) + 8

Question 8

Compensation for Metbolic Alkalosis

Answer 8

Malk HCO3>24

pCO2= (0.9 x [HCO3]) + 9

Question 9

Compensation for Respiratory Acidosis-
Acute
Chronic

Answer 9

Rac pCO2>40
CHANGE IN HCO3/10mm increase in CO2
Acute HCO3= ^ 1mmol/L
Chronic HCO3= ^^4mmol/L

Question 10

Compensation for Respiratory Alkalosis
Acute
Chronic

Answer 10

Ralk PCO2<40
CHANGE IN HCO3/ 10 mmHg reduction in CO2
Acute- HCO3= reduced 2mmol/L
Chronic- HCO3= reduced 4mmol/L

Question 11

Clearance

Answer 11

Cx= (Urine.x * Urine Flow)/ (Plasma.x)

Question 12

Osmolar Clearance

Answer 12

Cosm= (Uosm x V)/ Posm

Question 13

Free Water Clearance

Answer 13

C.h2o= UF- C.osm

Question 14

Urine Flow

Answer 14

UF= (Urine V)/ (time of collection)

Question 15

Excretion

Answer 15

X= Urine.x * UF

Question 16

Functional Excretion of Sodium (FENa)

Answer 16

FENA= (urine.na * plasma. Cr)/ (plasma.na * urine.Cr)

Question 17

Men’s [Creatinine]

Answer 17

0.9-1.3mg/dL

79-114umol/L

Question 18

Women’s [Creatinine]

Answer 18

0.8-1.0mg/dL

70-88umol/L

Question 19

Children’s [Creatinine]

Answer 19

0. 5-1.0mg/dL

0. 44-88umol/L