Equal Protection Exam Flashcards
What is the definition of public opinion according to the document?
opinions of citizens that are openly stated
what is considered the strongest agent of political socialization
family
what is political culture?
the characteristic and deep-seated beliefs of a particular people about government and politics
what is NOT a primary socialization agent?
church
what is party identification
emotional loyalty to a political party
what is the traditional method of measuring public opinion
public opinion polls
which group is considered a secondary agent of political socialization
peers
What is selective perception
the process of interpreting information based on party identification
what is NOT a problem associated with public opinion polls
high accuracy rates
what is the primary method for measuring public opinion today?
public opinion polls
what ideology is characterized by a coherent set of political beliefs
populism
what is sampling error?
margin of error in a poll’s results
which is a group orientation influencing political opinion
economic class
what can lead to major shifts in political loyalty according to the document?
economic changes
how do leaders influence public opinion
by concerted effort and strategic communication
what are the limits on public influence on policy
inconsistencies in citizens policy preferences
what is a significant factor in the accuracy of public opinion polls?
sampling error
how do traditional methods of measuring public opinions differ from polls
they rely on election results
what is the role of crosscutting cleavages in political opinion
they create divisions within group orientations
what is true about the influence of public opinion on policy
some policy actions are outside boundaries of public acceptability
what does the fourteenth amendment equal protection clause forbid
schools from segregating students
which landmark case banned forced segregation in schools?
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
what was a supreme court solution to address school segregation 15 years after Brown v. Board of Education
encouraging busing
what is assumed about laws under the strict-scrutiny test
unconstitutional in that absence of an overwhelming justification
what does the civil rights act of 1964 prohibit in public accomidations
discrimination based on race
who led the busing boycott that was a major impetus behind the civil rights act of 1964?
Martin Luther King Jr
what year did women acquire the right to vote in the United States
1964
what group saw the most success with strikes in the 60s and 70s
migrant farm workers
which major legal change occurred regarding Asian American immigration in 1965
ban all Asian immigration
what did the 24th amendment achieve
prohibited poll taxes
what practice does the civil rights act of 1968 prohibit
redlining
what is de facto discrimination based on?
social, economic, cultural biases
which case is associated with affirmative action in law
Univ of California regents v. bakke
what describes the economic and social condition of many black families post civil rights movement
high rate of dissolution
what does age discrimination act aim to prevent
employment discrimination against older Americans
what landmark decision legalized same-sex marriage in some states
obergefell v. Hodges
what is a significant characteristic of Asian American communities mentioned in the text
high emphasis on academic achievement
which act supports full and equal opportunities for disabled Americans
Americans with disabilities act
what issues does the “feminization of poverty” refer to
higher poverty rates among women
what does the voting rights act of 1965 allow federal agents to do
oversee voter registration
