EQ3 What are the consequences of globalisation for global development and the physical environment and how should different players respond to it's challenges

Question 1

How much has the share of global wealth for the richest 1% increased between 2009 and 2016?

Answer 1

From 44% to 99%

Question 2

How many people live on less than $1.25 a day (absolute poverty)?

Answer 2

1 billion

• this is when income is too low for basic human needs to be met

Question 3

Why do the already-rich take a disproportionate share of new economic growth?

Answer 3

In the best position to invest their capital into new opportunities (e.g. properties in London 3x in value 2005-2015)

Question 4

By how much as global absolute poverty decreased since the Millennium Development Goals in 2000?

Answer 4

Levels of absolute poverty have halved - instead people are pushed into relative poverty

Question 5

What is GDP per capita and what is it commonly used for?

Answer 5

The value of the output of goods and services within a nation, divided by the population

• used to give a rough estimate of national income

Question 6

What 3 factors make GDP an inaccurate measure?

Answer 6

1. Doesn’t account for informal sector
2. Exchange rates skew data (converted into US$)
3. Due to Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)

Question 7

What are the 4 economic sectors?

Answer 7

1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary
4. Quaternary

Question 8

How did Nigeria’s economic sector balance change from 2009-2013?

Answer 8

• Agriculture (primary) reduced from 35% to 22% of GDP
• ICT (tertiary) rose from 1% to 9% of GDP

Question 9

What is HDI?

Answer 9

Measure of development taking into account economic (GDP PPP per capita) and social (life expectancy and literacy) factors

• it gives a value between 0 (undeveloped) and 1 (developed)

Question 10

What does the Gender Inequality Index measure?

Answer 10

1. Reproductive health
2. Empowerment (e.g. parliamentary seats held by females)
3. Labour force participation (Male + Female over 15)

Question 11

Where have average incomes risen the slowest since 1950?

Answer 11

The poorest parts of Africa

Question 12

What % of the earths land has bene transformed into agricultural land, and what has the impact been?

Answer 12

40%

• habitat loss and biodiversity decline

Question 13

What are examples of the most damaging agricultural activities?

Answer 13

1. Cash-cropping (mono-farming for the most profitable yields)
2. Cattle-ranching
3. Aquaculture (depletion of groundwater for irrigation)

Question 14

How high was the daily wage in Asia by 2010?

Answer 14

$20 a day - well over the $1.25 threshold of absolute poverty

Question 15

Why is North Africa more ‘switched on’ than many other parts of the country?

Answer 15

Colonial past and proximity to Europe makes it a key area for French Outsourcing