EQ3 What are the consequences of globalisation for global development and the physical environment and how should different players respond to it's challenges Flashcards
How much has the share of global wealth for the richest 1% increased between 2009 and 2016?
From 44% to 99%
How many people live on less than $1.25 a day (absolute poverty)?
1 billion
- this is when income is too low for basic human needs to be met
Why do the already-rich take a disproportionate share of new economic growth?
In the best position to invest their capital into new opportunities (e.g. properties in London 3x in value 2005-2015)
By how much as global absolute poverty decreased since the Millennium Development Goals in 2000?
Levels of absolute poverty have halved - instead people are pushed into relative poverty
What is GDP per capita and what is it commonly used for?
The value of the output of goods and services within a nation, divided by the population
- used to give a rough estimate of national income
What 3 factors make GDP an inaccurate measure?
- Doesn’t account for informal sector
- Exchange rates skew data (converted into US$)
- Due to Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
What are the 4 economic sectors?
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
- Quaternary
How did Nigeria’s economic sector balance change from 2009-2013?
- Agriculture (primary) reduced from 35% to 22% of GDP
- ICT (tertiary) rose from 1% to 9% of GDP
What is HDI?
Measure of development taking into account economic (GDP PPP per capita) and social (life expectancy and literacy) factors
- it gives a value between 0 (undeveloped) and 1 (developed)
What does the Gender Inequality Index measure?
- Reproductive health
- Empowerment (e.g. parliamentary seats held by females)
- Labour force participation (Male + Female over 15)
Where have average incomes risen the slowest since 1950?
The poorest parts of Africa
What % of the earths land has bene transformed into agricultural land, and what has the impact been?
40%
- habitat loss and biodiversity decline
What are examples of the most damaging agricultural activities?
- Cash-cropping (mono-farming for the most profitable yields)
- Cattle-ranching
- Aquaculture (depletion of groundwater for irrigation)
How high was the daily wage in Asia by 2010?
$20 a day - well over the $1.25 threshold of absolute poverty
Why is North Africa more ‘switched on’ than many other parts of the country?
Colonial past and proximity to Europe makes it a key area for French Outsourcing