EQ3: What are the consequences of globalisation for global development and the physical environment, and how should different players respond to its challenges?

Question 1

Despite the fact that globalisation has led to dramatic increase in development for some countries, what has it also done?

Answer 1

Widened development gap extremities and disparities in environmental quality.

Question 2

Give an example of alternatives to globalisation.

Answer 2

Focusing on local communities and local production, and attempting to be more sustainable, socially, economically and environmentally.

Question 3

What has globalisation done to the gap between the rich and poor in some cases?

Answer 3

Widened the gap between rich and poor.

Question 4

What is development?

Answer 4

The improvement of quality of life (level of happiness, wellbeing or contentment, resulting from a way of living) of a country’s population.

Question 5

What aspects does quality of life include?

Answer 5

• social
• economic
• cultural
• political
• demographic
• environmental

Question 6

What can the development gap be?

Answer 6

• between countries e.g. in 2015 people in Luxembourg had incomes of $105,000 per year compared with only $220 in South Sudan
• within countries e.g. in China’s coastal cities, incomes per capita are over $10,000, whereas in the rural west they are under $2000.

Question 7

What is the difference between single and composite indicators?

Answer 7

​Single indicators (e.g. life expectancy, GDP per capita) measure one variable. They’re easy to use and understand, but may not give an accurate representation of development (aren’t very comprehensive)

Composite indices combine several data points into an index. (HDI, GII)

Question 8

How do we measure the gap between the rich and the poor?

Answer 8

Using composite indices. Combining several data points into an index e.g combination of life expectancy, income and years in education used to produce the Human Development Index (HDI)

Question 9

What does the Gender Inequality Index (GII) combine?

Answer 9

The reproductive health of women, their participation in the workforce, and empowerment (women in higher education and politics) to measure gender aspects of development.

Question 10

How does the GII work?

Answer 10

The smaller the number, the better gender equality is e.g Norway has a GII of 0.067, and the larger the number the higher inequality is e.g Kenya has a GII of 0.552

Question 11

Define the development gap.

Answer 11

The social and economic disparity between wealthy and poor.