EQ3-4.5: Challenges for coastline

Question 1

Why is the sea level rising?

Answer 1

Global warming is responsible for the sea level rising

Question 2

How bad will sea level get and how will it affect different places around the world(give examples)

Answer 2

If we continue to pollute the air by producing carbon dioxide, then islands will disappear and our sea level will rise. Places like the Maldives will be affected.

Question 3

How will climate change affect erosion/deposition?

Answer 3

More frequent storms means more destructive waves which means more erosion and deposition as a result of this.

Question 4

How will climate change affect storm frequency,intensity and storm surges?

Answer 4

They will be more frequent and their intensity will be higher

Question 5

How will storms and storm surges affect people and the environment?

Answer 5

Industries and homes will be destroyed as a result of storms and storm surges

Question 6

Explain how groynes and sea walls work

Answer 6

Groynes:
.Wooden or stone fences that are built at right angles to the coat
.They trap material transported by longshore drift

Sea walls:
.A wall made out of a hard material like concrete that reflects waves back to the sea

Question 7

Explain how beach replenishment and slope stabilisation work

Answer 7

Beach replenishment:
.Sand and shingle from elsewhere or from lower down the beach are added to the upper part of beaches

Slope stabilisation:
.Slopes are reinforced by inserting concrete nails into the slope and covering the slope with metal lining

Question 8

What are the advantages and disadvantages for each management type

Answer 8

Sea wall:
Ad-Prevents erosion and acts as a barrier to prevent flooding
Dis-Creates a strong backwash which erodes under the wall and very expensive

Groynes:
Ad-Create wider beaches which slow the waves
Dis-Starve beaches further down the coast

Beach replenishment:
Ad-Create wider beaches which slow the waves
Dis-can kill organisms

Question 9

What is the difference between hard and soft engineering?Which is best?

Answer 9

Hard: Man-made structures built to control the flow of The sea and reduce flooding and erosion

Soft: schemes set up using knowledge of the sea and its processes to reduce the effects of flooding and erosion

Debatable which is better

Question 10

What is strategic realignment,which areas might be left to erode?

Answer 10

Removing an existing defence and allowing the land behind it to flood

Question 11

Explain why ITCM schemes are a sustainable form of coastal management

Answer 11

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