Eq3 Flashcards
Why might some resources be contested ?
The land might be in dispute ( border between India and Pakistan)
The ownership of the land ( Falkland island )
Claims for land currently not owned ( artic )
Why is there tension in the artic ?
30% of the world’s undiscovered gas and 13% of undiscovered oil are estimated to be in the Arctic. So countries are trying to stake there claim for these resources. As it would massively benefit them
Why is the artic becoming more desirable over time ?
The mineral wealth beneath the artistic has become increasingly accessible because of climate change leading to sea ice melting.
Permafrost is also melting making it less difficult to drill into the ground.
Thawing of the ice has also led to improved access and transport routes
Ships can now pass to the top of Russia during summer months reducing distance and time
All of these factors have caused for the artic becoming more accessible and desirable over time as it’s becoming easier for superpowers to extract the vast gas and oil in the artic.
How are countries responding to the tensions with hard power ?
Russia planting its flag
* Canada has carried out military exercises
* Norway has expanded its navy
* Russia carries out arctic bomber patrols
* Denmark is creating an Arctic military command and response force
Russia with frequent military bombs
Canada with frequent military exercises.
How are countries responding with soft power ?
• Soft power
• In 2015 the UK house of lords called for an Arctic Ambassador
• The existence of the Arctic council
• The UN’s Paris climate change agreement
What are counterfeit goods
goods, often of inferior quality, made or sold under another’s brand name without the brand owner’s authorization.
Why are China related to counterfeit goods ?
Between 2011 and in 2013 the UN estimated that 70% of all the world counterfeit goods came from china.
Fake apple products are also common. 22 fake apple stores were found in chin
Who benefits from counterfeit goods?
Consumers get cheap goods, and businesses that make counterfeit goods
Who loses out from counterfeit goods?
The firms like apple and Microsoft whose software is being made into counterfeit goods
What are the laws to stop counterfeit goods?
Intellectual property rights Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind: inventions; literary and artistic works; and symbols, names and images used in commerce
Why are they not working ?
Laws don’t translate across borders so china does not have to do anything about it
How are trade relations affected by this ?
They are affected because USA are less likely to trade with china as they are counterfeiting there goods
How might counterfeit goods lead to tension ?
TNCs might be reluctant to invest in China knowing the profits might be reduced by counterfeiting,
-Lack of action by the government means that they might be unlikely to cooperate in other ways.
-The possibility of trade agreements is limited if one side does not play by the rules.
Who are the main players in the south sea china dispute ?
China, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, Brunei
What are the claims to the South China Sea ?
China claims the largest proportion of the territory, an area defined by the nine-dash line which stretches hundreds of miles south and east from its most southerly province of
Hainan. The two island groups fall within this area entirely.
The other major claimant in the area is the Philippines, which invokes its geographical proximity to the Spratly Islands as the main basis of its claim for part of the grouping. Both the Philippines and China lay claim to the Scarborough Shoal (known as Huangyan Island in China) - a little more than 100 miles (160km) from the Philippines and 500 miles from China. Malaysia and Brunei also lay claim to territory in the South China Sea that they say falls within their economic exclusion zones
Brunei does not claim any of the disputed islands, but Malaysia claims a small number of islands in the Spratlys.
