EQ2

Question 1

Difference between hazard and disaster?

Answer 1

Hazard is the physical event that has occurred, but it is only a disaster it occurs in an area where there is a vulnerable population.

Question 2

Disaster risk equation?

Answer 2

(Hazard X Vulnerability) / Capacity to Cope

Question 3

What does the hazard refer to in the disaster risk equation?

Answer 3

the lava, ash, type of waves, lahars, flooding etc

Question 4

What does vulnerability refer to in the disaster risk equation?

Answer 4

the location, coastal?, mountain location?, proximity of population to the hazard, poverty, low levels of education, high population density, age of population, access to healthcare, insurance, accessibility

Question 5

What does capacity refer to in the disaster risk equation?

Answer 5

quality of the governance, development of the country, planning and management, response

Question 6

What is the Pressure and release model?

Answer 6

helps analyse the underlying risk factors, factors contributing to the progression of vulnerability and hazards faced within a community

Question 7

The 3 different elements in the PAR model?

Answer 7

Root causes: Lack of development and governance, which leads to:

Dynamic factors: level of education and investment in the community services, population chains, poverty

and Unsafe conditions: fragile physical environment, fragile local economy

Question 8

hazard profiles?

Answer 8

physical factors of a hazard are magnitude, speed of onset,aerial extent, frequency and duration etc

Question 9

2 ways of measuring different hazards?

Answer 9

MMS (richter scale)
VEI

Question 10

How much percentage of the population is estimated to suffer the impacts of a volcanic eruption?
How much percentage of the population is estimated to suffer the impacts of an earthquake?

Answer 10

1%
5%

Question 11

Which event has much greater impacts and secondary hazard out of volcanoes and earthquakes?

Answer 11

Earthquakes

Question 12

Fact about the proximity of volcanoes?

Answer 12

The concentration of active volcanoes in narrow belts means that only a small land area lies in close proximity to them

Question 13

What are the economic impacts of a tectonic hazard roughly proportional to?

Answer 13

The land area exposed to the hazard

Question 14

4 factors that affect the economic impacts of a tectonic hazard?

Answer 14

Level of development
Total number of people affected
Degree of urbanisation
Amount of uninsured losses