EQ1 Flashcards
Place?
Geographical spaces shaped by individuals and communities (known, attachment, security stable)
Space?
Abstract, independence, freedom, undifferentiated/open
3 ways employment type affects a place?
Types of buildings e.g. offices, factories e.g. London
Shops/services e.g. poundland, home bargains in poorer areas, designer shops in london
Housing, big homes in skilled areas e.g. Roman Road, small houses/flats in council estates e.g. wood end
What is a primary sector and examples?
Extracting of raw materials from the ground or sea e.g. Farmers, fishing, miners, oil production
What is a secondary sector and examples?
Manufacturing and processing of raw materials into goods e.g. construction worker, car manufacturer
What is a tertiary sector and examples?
Service sector, including tourism and banking e.g. Healthcare, retail, education
What is the quaternary sector and examples?
High tech research and design e.g. computing, programming, media, technology developers
What is the Quinary sector and examples?
Knowledge management and consultancy e.g. NGOs, Management, Consulting, CEOs
Healthcare:
Middlesbrough and London
Middlesbrough:
Worse health care, less health issues (more mental/social issues)
London:
Better healthcare, more health issues (cardiovascular + stress)
What 3 things make a region successful?
Regeneration
by knocking down derelict buildings and building new, changing the image of a place through rebranding and re-imaging and improving existing buildings and area
Regeneration?
The process of improving a rural or urban place by making positive changes
5 examples of a successful region?
Less crime
High employment rates
High property prices
No homelessness
High retention
What are the major underpinning factors that have driven the success of the Berkshire corridor?
Lots of high earning jobs which are easily accessible to by the M4 for commuting and airport
5 indicators that an area is declining?
Graffiti
High crime rate
High levels of deprivation
Low priced properties - people cannot afford to more away so they are trapped
High unemployment
4 things that makes a region decline?
Landlocked
Poor technology
Deindustrialisation
Resource poor
Who should decide the regeneration plan of an area?
All stakeholders including local/national governments, communities and business
What 3 factors might affect the sustainability of the regeneration plan?
Economic environment
Community engagement
Government priorities
Major concerns of declining rural settlements?
An estimated 400 shops and 700 rural pubs closed in Britain in 2010 alone
Major concerns of sink estates?
These residents are twice as likely to have mental health problems, 11 times more likely to be unemployed and 9 times more likely to be in a jobless house
Major concerns of commuter villages?
Fewer services than the population needs
Major concerns of gated communities?
Segregation from the locals and lack of community cohesion
2 main priorities of declining rural settlements?
Connectivity
Providing job opportunities - reasons to stay
3 main priorities of sink estates?
More police, environmental improvements and education
3 main priorities of commuter villages?
Creating affordable housing
Encouraging local service providers
Sustainable public transport
4 things that are impact a person based on their type of employment?
Health: in general, those with low incomes have the poorest health
Life expectancy: women who have a high managerial profession have a life expectancy of 85.2 years and women who are routine workers have 78.5.
Education: Data shows children from lower-income families often underachieve at school
Lifestyles: Higher salaries–> more disposable income, however does not always lead to a happier life. Those in SE England and London on average have higher salaries nut increased cost of living and housing
What is inequality?
The outcome of uneven distributions. Focuses on the economic and social distributions that exist within communities
Quality of life?
level of social and economic well-being experienced by individuals and communities
Measured by factors like health, happiness, educational achievement
4 factors affecting quality of life and inequality?
Economic - employment opportunities, income, type of work
Social - segregation of people and exclusion of subgroups
Service - access to public transport, health facilities and food
Environmental - derelict land, pollution levels, access to open space
2 ways to measure economic inequality?
index of multiple deprivation
Purchasing power (shopping basket surveys)
2 ways to measure social inequality?
www.police.uk
Placecheck
2 ways to measure service inequality?
Public transport timetable
Interviews with local residents
2 ways to measure environmental inequality?
Environmental quality surveys
Pollution data
Gentrification?
The movement of middle-class people back into rundown inner-urban areas, resulting in an improvement of the housing stock and image
Studentification?
Social, economic and environmental change brought about by the concentration of students in particular areas near unis
3 typical demographic changes in a place?
Increasing ethnicity
trends
socio-economic structure e.g.gentrification, deprivation and studentification
3 ways that changes in places can be measured?
employment trends
levels of deprivation
demographic changes
Places and their connections: what does the specification recommend that you focus particular attention on?
the regional and national connections of your places
the international and global connections of your places
