EQ1

Question 1

What is a carbon sink?

Answer 1

A source that takes in more carbon than it emits

Question 2

What is a carbon source?

Answer 2

A store that emits more carbon than it stores

Question 3

What is carbon sequestration?

Answer 3

The transfer of carbon from the atmosphere to other stores

Question 4

What is a carbon flux?

Answer 4

A flow of something within the carbon cycle

Question 5

Carbon sequesteration

Answer 5

Carbon being transferred from the atmosphere into another form

Question 6

Anthroprogenic climate variability

Answer 6

Climate change that is caused by human behaviour

Question 7

Terrestrial carbon store

Answer 7

Carbon that is stored in the Earth
Plant materials
Biomass
Microorganisms which break most organic matter down into carbon dioixde

Question 8

Oceanic carbon store

Answer 8

Carbon dioxide dissolves in the water
Photosynthesis of phytoplankton, take in dissolved carbon, convert it into carbohydrates for energy

Question 9

Atmospheric carbon store

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide and methane store carbon as greenhouse gasses

Question 10

Terrestrial ecosystems

Answer 10

Carbon dioixde is taken from the atmsophere by plant photosynthesis
Carbon is stored organically
Especially in trees and plants

Question 11

Geological carbon stores

Answer 11

Carbon is found in sedimentary rocks

Question 12

Oceanic carbon store

Answer 12

Most carbon is dissolved in the form of inorganic carbon

Question 13

Sedimentary rocks formation

Answer 13

Shellfish and phytoplankton build their shells by combining calcium with carbon
They die and accumulate on the floor
They become compressed and form rocks

Question 14

Which type of water can hold my carbon dioxide?

Answer 14

Cold water

Question 15

Carbon pump

Answer 15

Circulates and stores carbon

Question 16

Biological carbon pumps

Answer 16

Move carbon dioxide from the ocean surface to marine plants called phytoplankton

Converts carbon dioixde into food for phtoplankton
The rest is recycled and converted into deep water carbon stores

Question 17

Physical carbon pumps

Answer 17

Move carbon from different parts of the ocean in downwelling and upwelling currents

Question 18

Downwelling

Answer 18

Cold water sinks below warm water
Cold water is able to store more carbon
Carbon is stored deeper in the ocean
This forms the slow carbon cycle

Question 19

Upwelling

Answer 19

Cold water returns to the surface By the process of upwelling
Some of the carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere

Question 20

Carbonate pumps

Answer 20

Organisms die
They become compressed
Store carbon in the form of calcium carbonaye

Question 21

Terrestrial sequesteration

Answer 21

Plants sequester carbon during photosynthesis
When animals consume plant matter they also take in carbon

Question 22

Peat bog (carbon storage)

Answer 22

Material accumulates, traps carbon
Store twice as much carbon as the worlds largest tropical peatland

Question 23

How has burning peatlands increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Answer 23

Burning peatlands
Carbon dioxide escapes into the atmosphere
Released from storage

Question 24

How has urbanisation increased the amount of carbon in the atmosphere?

Answer 24

More Cars more factories
More GHG emissions

Question 25

What physical factors are influencing human wellbeing?

Answer 25

Increasing ocean temperatures, less xooxanthallae, less coral reef growth, xooxanthallae is found in the coral pollyps, pollyps digest minerals, deposit them as calcium carbonate in the form of shells, photosynthesis converts carbon into carbon dioxide, regulating the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. However, coral reefs can be saved if there is a reduction in fishing, healthy reefs rely on fish, to produce algae

Question 26

Human factors influencing ocean health and wellbeing

Answer 26

Increased burning of fossil fuels, more carbon in the atmosphere, more carbon getting dissolved in the ocean, killing fish, affects fish species

Question 27

Tourism impacts

Answer 27

Coral bleaching poses a threat to tourism industry, 36 billion dollars are generated, this forms over 22.6% of the GDP of the Maldives, 1.6 million visitors