EQ 1: How and why do places vary?

Question 1

Define place

4A.1

Answer 1

Geographical spaces shaped by individuals & communities over time

Question 2

Rural-urban continuum

4A.1

Answer 2

Places may vary in characteristics along a rural-urban continuum.

The unbroken transition from sparsely populated or unpopulated, remote rural places to densely populated, intensively used urban places (town & city centres).

Question 3

What is a way to describe the rate at which a place changes?

4A.1

Answer 3

Dynamism of a place; the rate at which they change.

Question 4

What does the key concept of processes involve?

4A.1

Answer 4

Movements of people, capital, information & resources.
They make some places socially/economically dynamic, while others places are marginalised/left out from wealth & opportunity.
- can create/exacerbate economic & social inequalities both between and within local areas.

Question 5

Define regeneration

4A.1

Answer 5

Long-term upgrading of existing places or more drastic renewal schemes for urban, residential, retail, industrial, commercial, and rural areas.

Question 6

Define re-branding

4A.1

Answer 6

Places are given a new or enhanced identity to increase their attractiveness and socio-economic viability, in order to attract new investors

Question 7

Who are the players involved in regeneration?
What do they do?

4A.1

Answer 7

Locals, planners, developers & pressure groups.

Attempt to modify places to make them more productive and attractive places to live, work and use for leisure.

Question 8

What are ways economic activity can be classified?

4A.1.a

Answer 8

By sector:
Primary 
- raw materials from land
Secondary
- raw materials into products 
Tertiary
- services
Quaternary 
- ICT/research
Quinary
- highest level of decision making in any economy e.g. gov officials, unis, healthcare.
Concentrated in STEM employment

By type of employment:

• Full-time (35hrs)/Part-time (under 35hrs)
• Temp/Perm
• Self-employed/employed

Question 9

How and why have economic sectors changed in the UK over the last century?

4A.1.a

Answer 9

Deindustrialisation & global shift -> demise of employment in primary industries/manufacturing

Question 10

Define location quotients

Answer 10

Mapable ratio
- helps show specialisation in any data distribution being studied. Figure equal/close to 1.00 suggests national & local patterns are similar w/ no particular specialisation. LQs over 1 show a concentration of that type of employment locally.

Question 11

Define postcode lottery

Answer 11

Refers to uneven distribution of local personal health & health services nationally, esp. in mental health/early diagnosis of cancer & emergency care for elderly

Question 12

Define Glasgow effect

Answer 12

Impacts of poor health linked to deprivation.