EPPP 3 Flashcards
There’s evidence that, for some patients, depressive symptoms can be alleviated by either a placebo or an antidepressant and that a placebo and antidepressants affect the same area of the brain. More specifically, the research has found that
a placebo produces increased activity in the prefrontal cortex while antidepressants produce decreased activity
In a factor matrix, a communality indicates the proportion of variability
in a single test that’s accounted for by all of the identified factors
Bowlby’s theory of attachment was most influenced by
ethological theory
area of the brain has been identified as “ground zero” for Alzheimer’s disease
locus coeruleus
Behavioral treatments for narcolepsy are often not adequate and, consequently, are usually combined with medications. Which medication is most useful for reducing daytime sleepiness, improving nighttime sleep, and reducing cataplexy
sodium oxybate
Alvin, age 22, has experienced delusions and hallucinations for several months. The most likely diagnosis for Alvin is schizoaffective disorder if he has also experienced
concurrent episodes of major depression or mania for the duration of the disorder except for at least two weeks when delusions and hallucinations were present without mood episodes
According to the transtheoretical model, counterconditioning matches which stage of change
maintenance
The best conclusion that can be drawn from research on the impact of age and gender on psychotherapy outcomes is that
age and gender have little or no consistent impact on psychotherapy outcomes
Research suggests that ____________ is most useful for understanding the “testing effect.”
the mediator effectiveness hypothesis
A hypertensive crisis may occur when foods containing tyramine are consumed while taking which of the following drugs
phenelzine (an MAOI)
In the context of research, between-methods triangulation involves
collection of quantitative and qualitative data
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ordinarily has an
insidious onset that’s followed by a rapid decline in functioning
Research comparing patients with schizophrenia living in Western industrialized countries and non-Western developing countries has found that these patients differ in terms of
onset (more acute), course of the disorder (shorter), and rate of remission (higher rate)
A recently hired employee gets his first performance review and notices that, while the review is very positive and his supervisor has said many nice things about him, the supervisor has included a minor criticism of his written reports. This single criticism causes the employee to conclude that he’s worthless and will never get promoted out of his entry-level job. Aaron Beck would consider the employee’s conclusion to be an example of
Selective abstraction– take something small out of context and ignoring the bigger picture
__________ describe(s) temperament as constitutionally based individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation
Rothbart and Derryberry
Dr. Stein is a family therapist who believes therapy is most effective when all members of the immediate family attend all therapy sessions. During his second session with the Miller family, Mr. Miller is absent and Mrs. Miller says that, while her husband came to the first therapy session, he is unwilling to attend any additional sessions. The best course of action in this situation is for Dr. Stein to
refer Mrs. Miller to another family therapist who is willing to see only some members of the family
A prenatal care program that’s available to all pregnant women in a community is an example of what type of prevention
universal
When using aversive counterconditioning to treat a client’s fetishistic disorder, the fetish object is the
conditioned stimulus
Raising the cutoff of a selection test
decreases the number of true and false positives, and increases the number of true and false negatives
In their study of the relationship between IQ and socioeconomic status (SES), Capron and Duyme (1989) compared the later IQ scores obtained by four groups of children who had been adopted soon after birth and whose biological parents and adoptive parents were either high or low in SES. Their study found that
Regardless of SES of biological parents… being adopted by high SES parents had positive effect on IQ; being adopted by low SES parents had negative effect on IQ
According to the DSM-5, the onset of tics is usually between the ages of
4-6 years
Which are evidence-based treatments for binge-eating disorder
CBT and interpersonal tx
The presence of what core and suggestive features would help confirm a DSM-5 diagnosis of probable major or mild neurocognitive disorder with Lewy bodies
visual hallucinations (core) and REM sleep disorder (suggestive)
Physical and psychological fidelity are associated with
principle of identical elements (for job training)
A psychology intern has just started his geriatric rotation at a state hospital. After two weeks, he tells his supervisor that he’s having trouble with this rotation because his grandmother just received a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and most of the patients he’s seeing have the same diagnosis. The supervisor has noticed that the intern’s performance in the geriatric rotation is not up to his excellent performance in his other rotations. The best course of action for the supervisor is to
transfer the intern to another rotation (because his issue is time limited and isolated)
Dyslexia is the most common reading disorder and, of the types of dyslexia, _______ is most common
phonological
The first-line treatment for female orgasmic disorder (FOD) is generally considered to be
directed masturbation
The best conclusion about the results of research on the use of pharmacological treatments for cocaine addiction (substance use disorder in the DSM-5) is
Undetermined! The studies have not yet identified a pharmacological treatment that is consistently effective for this disorder
