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Tissue Pathology > Epithelium > Flashcards

Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of anchoring junctions

A

Adherens junctions/ zonula adherens/intermediate junction/belt desmosomes
Desmosomes /macula adherens
Hemidesmosomes

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2
Q

Examples of Occluding junctions

A

Tight junctions /zonula occludens

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3
Q

Example of channel forming junction

A

Gap junction /Nexus

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4
Q

Example of signal relaying junctions

A

Synapses

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5
Q

4 types of cell-cell junctions

A

Anchoring junctions
Occluding junctions
Channel forming junctions
Signal relaying junctions

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6
Q

Anchoring junctions used 2 key types of transmembrane adhesion proteins

A

Cadherins
Integrins

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7
Q

Cadherins

A

Ca2+ dependent
Assemble complex of proteins that tether to actin filaments of cytoskeleton

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8
Q

What builds intrinsic strength in cells

A

Actin cytoskeletons linked together

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9
Q

Desmosomes

A

Bind to plaques of intracellular anchor proteins & interact through their extracellular domains to hold adjacent membranes together - Ca2+ dependent

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10
Q

Types of catenins and what they associate with

A

α, β & p120 catenins & E cadherin in adherens junctions
Plakoglobin & plakophilin catenins & desmosomal cadherins

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11
Q

How is Wnt signalling pathway activated?

A

Wnt binds to its cell surface receptor - Frizzled

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12
Q

What is the target gene for β catenin and what happens?

A

Myc
Enters nucleus, displaces Groucho & binds to LEF1/TCF & acts as coactivator for c-Myc

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13
Q

3 examples of plakins

A

Desmoplakin - links IF to cadherin complex in desmosomes
Plectin - found in hemidesmosomes, costameres & throughout epithelial & muscle cells
Dystonin/BP230/BPAG-1 - links IF to hemidesmosomes

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14
Q

Hemidesmosomes

A

Form junctions between epidermal cells & ECM

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15
Q

Pemphigus Bullous

A

Attacking desmosomes
IgG autoantibodies bind to keratinocyte desmosomes & desmosome free areas of keratinocyte cell membrane
Acantholysis

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16
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

A

Attack hemidesmosomes due to presence of autoantibodies specific for BP230 & BP180 antigens
Acantholysis

17
Q

3 types of Epidermolysis Bullosa and their 2 common features

A

Non inflammatory disorders that cause blistering & marked mechanical fragility of skin
EB Simplex
EB Junctional
EB dystrophic

18
Q

Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex

A

Caused by mutations in KRT5 & KRT14

19
Q

Epidermolysis Bullosa Junctional

A

Blistering occurs w/in basal lamina
Mutations in genes for laminin 332, BP180, integrin & pectin

20
Q

Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophic

A

Defects in gene encoding BP180

21
Q

Components of tight junctions

A

Transmembrane proteins - occludins, claudins, JAMs
Peripheral proteins - ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3

22
Q

3 Main functions of tight junctions

A

Signalling
Barrier
Fence

23
Q

During initial assembly of junctions, JAM recruits _______ to establish ______

A

PAR3-PAR6-aPKC
Border between apical & lateral domains

Tissue Pathology (6 decks)

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