Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

What is the definition of Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 1

Tissue consisting of closely packed cells in sheets with little extracellular material between them. They have an apical (free) surface which is exposed to a body cavity , lining of an internal organ or the exterior of the body. Epithelial tissue has a nerve supply but is avascular.

Question 2

What are the two classifications of Epithelial tissue?

Answer 2

i. covering and lining epithelium

ii. glandular epithelium

Question 3

What is covering and lining epithelium?

Answer 3

Epithelial tissue that forms the outer covering of the skin and the outer covering of some internal organs as well as body cavities and the interiors of respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems.

Question 4

What is glandular epithelium tissue?

Answer 4

Tissue that makes up the secreting portion of glands such as sweat glands.

Question 5

What is the basement layer?

Answer 5

A thin fibrous sheet upon which cells in epithelial tissue sits.

Question 6

What are the classifications of epithelial covering and lining cells based on shape and arrangement?

Answer 6

(SHAPE - Squamos, cuboidal, columnar) (ARRANGEMENT - simple, stratified, pseudo stratified.)

Question 7

Describe Squamos cells?

Answer 7

They are flat and thin allowing for rapid passage of substance across them.

Question 8

Describe cuboidal cell?

Answer 8

They are square shaped and have microvill on their apical(free) surface for secretion and absorption.

Question 9

Describe Columnar cells?

Answer 9

They are much taller than they are wide and their apical surface has microvilli or cilia and so they specialise in secretion and absorption.

Question 10

What are transitional epithelial cells?

Answer 10

Cells that can change shape from flat to cuboidal and back. Example is found in the urinary bladder.

Question 11

Describe a simple cell arrangement?

Answer 11

A single layer of cells, good for diffusion, osmosis, secretion.

Question 12

Describe a stratified cell arrangement?

Answer 12

Consisting of cells consisting of two or more layers. Specialised for protection of underlying tissues.

Question 13

Describe a pseudostratified cell arrangement?

Answer 13

Consisting of cells that appear to be stratified but are not. All cells are attached to the basement layer but do not necessarily reach the surface.

Question 14

What are goblet cells?

Answer 14

Goblet cells are modified columnar cells that secrete mucus at their apical surfaces.

Question 15

Where do you find simple squamos epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 15

It lines the heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels etc. Function is absorption, secretion, filtration, osmosis.

Question 16

Where do you find simple cuboidal epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 16

Lining of kidney tubules and smaller ducts of many glands. Function is secretion and absorption.

Question 17

Where do you find nonciliated simple columnar epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 17

Found in the gastrointestinal tract and gall bladder. May contain goblet cells and have microvilli on apical layer. Function is secretion and absorption and production of mucus for digestive, respiratory and reproductive tracts.

Question 18

Where do you find ciliated simple columnar epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 18

Found in upper respiratory tract and uterus. May contain goblet cells and cilia on apical layer. Function is produce mucus layer for respiratory tract.

Question 19

Where do you find pseudo stratified columnar epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 19

Found in airway of respiratory tract. Function is absorption and secretion of nonciliated and mucus cycle if ciliated with goblet cells.

Question 20

Where do you find stratified squamos epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 20

The keratinized variety form the upper layer of the skin and nonkeratinzied form upper layer of wet lining such as inside of mouth. Function is protection.

Question 21

Where do you find startified cuboidal epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 21

Ducts of adult sweat glands. Function is protection and limited secretion and absorption.

Question 22

Where do you find stratified columnar epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 22

In parts of urethra. Function is protection and secretion.

Question 23

Where do you find transitional epithelium and what is its function?

Answer 23

Found in urinary bladder. Function is to allow elasticity of internal organs.

Question 24

What is the function of Glandular epithelium?

Answer 24

Secretion, which is accomplished by glandular epithelium cells which often lie in covering and lining epithelium

Question 25

What are glands?

Answer 25

A single or group of cells that secret substances into ducts, onto a surface, or into the blood. Glands are either endocrine or exocrine.

Question 26

What is the function of endocrine glands?

Answer 26

To produce and secrete substance such as hormones into the blood without flowing through a duct. These hormones regulate metabolic and physiological activities to maintain homeostasis

Question 27

What is the function of exocrine glands?

Answer 27

To produce and secrete substances through ducts onto a surface such as sweat, earwax, saliva.