Epithelial tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Where is epithelial tissue found

A

Covering all body surfaces inside and out

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2
Q

What is the apical side of epithelium

A

The side exposed to the outside or open space inside the body

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3
Q

What is the basal side of epithelium

A

The side of the tissue at the basement membrane

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4
Q

What is the basement membrane

A

The nonliving layer that epithelial tissue is anchored to using connective tissue

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5
Q

What is the vascularity of epithelial tissues

A

Avascular

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6
Q

Why do epithelial tissues repair quickly?

A

Because they reproduce rapidly

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7
Q

How are cells arranged in epithelial tissues?

A

tightly packed together - littler intercellular space

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8
Q

What are the functions of epithelial tissues?

A

G - glandular
A - absorption
P - protection
S - Secretion

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9
Q

What is the structure of simple squamous epithelium?

A

1 cell layer thick with squished cells that look like fried eggs

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10
Q

What do simple squamous epithelium do?

A

diffusion of gases
secrete serous fluid to lubricate organ coverings

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11
Q

Where can simple squamous epithelium be found?

A

Linings of alveoli, capillaries, lymph vessels, organs

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12
Q

What do simple columnar epithelium look like?

A

1 cell layer of column-shaped cells with nuclei at the bottom of cells

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13
Q

What special cell do simple columnar and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium have?

A

Goblet cells

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14
Q

What is the function of goblet cells?

A

Secrete mucus to protect and lubricate tissues

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15
Q

What is the brush border composed of?

A

microvilli that increase the surface area for absorption

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16
Q

What is the function of simple columnar epithelium

A

Absorption
Secretion of mucus
Movement of materials

17
Q

Where can simple columnar epithelium be found?

A

Lining the digestive tract
Gallbladder
Oviducts

18
Q

What does simple cuboidal epithelium look like?

A

1 cell layer of cube shaped cells with centrally located nuclei

19
Q

What do simple cuboidal epithelium do?

A

Secrete substances in glands
Absorb substances in kidney tubules

20
Q

Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?

A

Small glands
Ovaries
Kidney tubules
Retinas

21
Q

What do pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium look like?

A

1 cell layer of cells of varying heights and nuclei at varying heights

22
Q

What do pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium do?

A

Secretes and absorbs substances
Sweeps dirt and bacteria to the pharynx

23
Q

Where is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium found?

A

Trachea
Upper respiratory tract
Sperm-carrying ducts

24
Q

What do stratified squamous epithelium look like?

A

Several cell layers thick with cuboidal/columnar cells at the bottom and squamous cells at the top

25
Q

What special protein accumulated on cells as they approach the outer surface of stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Keratin

26
Q

What does stratified squamous epithelium do?

A

Protection against scrapes, cuts and bacteria
Creates a waterproof layer

27
Q

Where is stratified squamous epithelium found?

A

epidermis of skin
lining of mouth
anus
vagina

28
Q

What does transitional epithelium look like?

A

Multiple cell layers thick with layers of cuboidal and elongated cells and rounded cells on the apical side

29
Q

What does transitional epithelium do?

A

Distends to allow expansion and contraction
Prevents urine from passing into surrounding areas

30
Q

Where is transitional epithelium found?

A

Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra