Epithelial tissue Flashcards
Where is epithelial tissue found
Covering all body surfaces inside and out
What is the apical side of epithelium
The side exposed to the outside or open space inside the body
What is the basal side of epithelium
The side of the tissue at the basement membrane
What is the basement membrane
The nonliving layer that epithelial tissue is anchored to using connective tissue
What is the vascularity of epithelial tissues
Avascular
Why do epithelial tissues repair quickly?
Because they reproduce rapidly
How are cells arranged in epithelial tissues?
tightly packed together - littler intercellular space
What are the functions of epithelial tissues?
G - glandular
A - absorption
P - protection
S - Secretion
What is the structure of simple squamous epithelium?
1 cell layer thick with squished cells that look like fried eggs
What do simple squamous epithelium do?
diffusion of gases
secrete serous fluid to lubricate organ coverings
Where can simple squamous epithelium be found?
Linings of alveoli, capillaries, lymph vessels, organs
What do simple columnar epithelium look like?
1 cell layer of column-shaped cells with nuclei at the bottom of cells
What special cell do simple columnar and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium have?
Goblet cells
What is the function of goblet cells?
Secrete mucus to protect and lubricate tissues
What is the brush border composed of?
microvilli that increase the surface area for absorption
What is the function of simple columnar epithelium
Absorption
Secretion of mucus
Movement of materials
Where can simple columnar epithelium be found?
Lining the digestive tract
Gallbladder
Oviducts
What does simple cuboidal epithelium look like?
1 cell layer of cube shaped cells with centrally located nuclei
What do simple cuboidal epithelium do?
Secrete substances in glands
Absorb substances in kidney tubules
Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?
Small glands
Ovaries
Kidney tubules
Retinas
What do pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium look like?
1 cell layer of cells of varying heights and nuclei at varying heights
What do pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium do?
Secretes and absorbs substances
Sweeps dirt and bacteria to the pharynx
Where is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium found?
Trachea
Upper respiratory tract
Sperm-carrying ducts
What do stratified squamous epithelium look like?
Several cell layers thick with cuboidal/columnar cells at the bottom and squamous cells at the top
What special protein accumulated on cells as they approach the outer surface of stratified squamous epithelium?
Keratin
What does stratified squamous epithelium do?
Protection against scrapes, cuts and bacteria
Creates a waterproof layer
Where is stratified squamous epithelium found?
epidermis of skin
lining of mouth
anus
vagina
What does transitional epithelium look like?
Multiple cell layers thick with layers of cuboidal and elongated cells and rounded cells on the apical side
What does transitional epithelium do?
Distends to allow expansion and contraction
Prevents urine from passing into surrounding areas
Where is transitional epithelium found?
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra
