Epithelia M2P

Question 1

What is the underylying ct that helps supply nutrients to epthilial

Answer 1

lamina propria

Question 2

functions of epithelia?

Answer 2

PAST

Protectiction , Absorption, Secretion, Transpor

Question 3

Where are simple squamous epithelium found?

Answer 3

example alveoli of lungs, blood vessels, CNS vasculature parietal, glomerular capsule of kidney

Question 4

What are two specialized squamous cells? and what do they line

Answer 4

endothelial cells : line blood and lymphatic vessels

mesothelial : serous lining of viscera produce lubricating liquid

Question 5

What do simple cuboidal epitheium lines?

Answer 5

line ducts (exocrine glands), tubules (kidney)

Question 6

where are simple columnar epithelium cells found? what is so special about these cells?

Answer 6

found in stomach, intestines, gall bladder, lining large tubules

they are polarized

Question 7

Where are Pseudostratified columnar epithelium found?

What do they have on the top vs Simple columnar?

Answer 7

these appear stratified but they are not. Most of these have cilia and therefore found primarily in the respiratory tract, vas deferens, epididymis

Simple Columnar have microvili ( gi tract intestines)

Pseudostratified have cilia

Question 8

In stratified squamous epithelium how do cell division occurs and where are some of these found?

Answer 8

cell division occur in basal layer and cells differentiate as they pushed toward the apical surface.

found in the vagina

Question 9

Types of stratified squamous epithelium ?

Answer 9

keratinized : remember top layer of cells lose their nuclei , help prevent water loss, found in epidermis of skin

nonkeratinized: found in oral cavity , esophagus, have nuclei

Question 10

What are stratified cuboidal and stratified columnar epithelial found to do?

Answer 10

both provide structur for large ducts of exocrine glands.

Question 11

Transitional epithelium?

Answer 11

stratitified epithelium sepcialized to stretch. Often binucleated! Look for them in the apical side

example in urinary system.

Esophageal stratified squamous epithelium mucous-secreting columnar cells in response to reflux of stomach acid

Question 12

Can you think of some examples of metaplasia in epithelial cells?

Answer 12

respiratory epithelium to stratified squamous in response to inhalent irrirants

Question 13

What is Microvilli made up and what is its purpose?

Answer 13

actin filaments and it increases surface area of the cell plasma membrane.

Question 14

What is stereocilia and where it is found?

Answer 14

extremely long microvilli, found in the epididymis and vas deferens , absorptive function

Question 15

What is the motile cilia structure?

Answer 15

core structure an axoneme 9+2 microtubules

Question 16

What is nodal cilia involved in and can you think of a disease related?

Answer 16

involved in embryonic development , related to situs inversus

Question 17

what is the function of basolateral domain?

Answer 17

lateral plasma membrane, cell to cell adhesion, communication

Question 18

what is the function of basal plasma membrane

Answer 18

adhesion to basement membrane

Question 19

a) Zona ocludens ?

b) Zona adherens?

Answer 19

a) tight junction
b) zona adherens (can be thought of like plastic rings that hold together a six pack) important for establishing cell polarity, diferentiation , proliferation

Question 20

Maculae Adherens ?

what do they appear like?

Answer 20

Desmosomes: these are “spot welds” arranged along the basolateral membrane

these junctions appear as dense, semicircular plaques aligned on the cytoplasmic side o both cell membranes.

Question 21

What dyes are good to visualize basement membranes?

Answer 21

basement membranes can be visualized using pas(magnenta) and silver
look at slide 28

Question 22

What is the attachment site for epithelial cells and ct?

Answer 22

basal lamina

Question 23

What do you find in primarty cilia?

Answer 23

imotile single projection no microtubule, function in sensation of chemical, osmotic, light, and mechanical stimuli

Question 24

what is glandular epithelia?

Answer 24

epithelial cells specialized for secretion

Question 25

what do globet cells secrete? and how do they appear

Answer 25

single secretory cells that secrete mucins (glycoproteins that form mucus) they stain clear

Question 26

in gland structure what is parenchyma?and the stroma

Answer 26

the functional tissue of the gland .

stroma the supporting connective tisssue

Question 27

Where are myoepithelial cells found?

Answer 27

some exocrine glands include myoepthelial cells these are epithelial cells containing contractile proteins that wrap around secretory cells to squeeze product into the duct.

Question 28

for classification of exocrine glands what are classifications we use

Answer 28

Mechanism of secretion from cells
Composition of secretion
Morphology of the gland

Question 29

Eccrine (merocrine)

Answer 29

cells polarized, these secrety by exocytosis

Question 30

holocrine secretion

example

Answer 30

apical cells disintegrate and product enter the duct

ex: sebaceous gland

Question 31

apocrine

Answer 31

cell membrane and cytoplasm suround the secretory product and pinch off. mamary gland undergoes boh eccrine and apocrine secretion

Question 32

Composition of secretion for gland?

Answer 32

Serous : produce watery protein secretion, cytoplasm contains dark staining zymogen granules eosinophilic appear pink

Mucous : have glycoprotein product , poor staining in H&E

Question 33

tubular usually secretes?

Answer 33

mucus, dark (in PAS)

Question 34

acinar usually secretes?

Answer 34

sereous will look lighter on (PAS)