Epithelia

Question 1

Epithelia are ________ meaning they depend on diffusion of nutrients from capillaries in the underlying connective tissue or from a moist free surface.

Answer 1

avascular

Question 2

What are epithelia innervated by?

Answer 2

sensory neurons

Question 3

What are the two surfaces that the layer(s) of epithelia attaches that form a flat sheet?

Answer 3

free surface and basal surface

Question 4

Which surface is exposed to the environment or an internal body cavity?

Answer 4

free surface

Question 5

Which surface is attached to a basement membrane?

Answer 5

basal membrane

Question 6

What is the layer of collagen and adhesive proteins that anchors epithelium to underlying connective tissue? Is it permeable or semi-permeable?

Answer 6

basement membrane; semi-permeable

Question 7

What two laminas is the basement membrane composed of?

Answer 7

basal lamina and reticular lamina

Question 8

The _____ ______ is a complex mixture of proteins produced by epithelial cells and underlying fibroblasts

Answer 8

basal lamina

Question 9

What are the 3 things the basal epithelial cells contributes to the basal lamina?

Answer 9

laminin, entactin, type IV collagen

Question 10

________ in connective tissue under epithelia contribute molecules including _________ and __________ to the basal lamina.

Answer 10

Fibroblasts; fibronectin; proteoglycans

Question 11

The _________ ______ is composed of a network of long straight collagen fiber and branched reticular fibers under the basal lamina.

Answer 11

reticular lamina

Question 12

What underlying connective tissue does the reticular lamina blend into?

Answer 12

lamina propria

Question 13

The _____ ______ is composed of a thin, light staining ______ ______ and a darker staining ______ _____.

Answer 13

basal lamina; lamina lucida; lamina densa

Question 14

What is the electron-lucent layer above the lamina densa that contains extrecellular portions of cell adhesion molecules from the integrin family of transmembrance proteins including laminin, entactin, and fibronectin?

Answer 14

lamina lucida

Question 15

_______ is a glycoprotein secreted by epithelial cells that bind Type IV collagen, heparin sulfate and integrins.

Answer 15

Laminin

Question 16

_______ is the glycoprotein that bridges the lamina lucida and lamina densa to the plasma membrane.

Answer 16

Laminin

Question 17

What is lamina densa composed of?

Answer 17

type IV collagen and proteoglycans

Question 18

The basal lamina and the reticular lamina are joined together by type ___ and type ___ collagen fibrils that weave through the loops of type ___ collagen anchoring fibrils.

Answer 18

I; III; VII

Question 19

______________ connect the basal lamina to the cytoskeletal tonofilaments.

Answer 19

Hemidesmosomes

Question 20

What are the functions of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 20

allow rapid diffusion of gases and can secrete fluids (serous fluid)

Question 21

Where are some examples of where simple squamous epithelium are found?

Answer 21

lining of alveoli of lungs, renal glomeruli, cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels); membranes covering body cavities and organs

Question 22

What are the functions of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 22

absorption, secretion, conduction

Question 23

Where are simple cuboidal epithelium found?

Answer 23

liver, thyroid, lung bronchioles, kidney tubules, mammary glands, salivary glands, and other glands

Question 24

What kind of epithelium is a single row of cube-shaped cells, often with microvilli?

Answer 24

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 25

What kind of epithelium is a single row of tall, narrow cells?

Answer 25

simple columnar epithelium

Question 26

What kind of epithelium is a single row of flat cells?

Answer 26

simple squamous epithelium

Question 27

What are the functions of simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 27

absorption, secretion (of mucus)

Question 28

Where are simple columnar epithelium found?

Answer 28

intestines, uterus, ducts of glands

Question 29

What kind of epithelium is a single row of a mix of short basal cells and taller goblet cells which creates a stratified appearance all attached to the basement membrane?

Answer 29

pseudostratified epithelium

Question 30

What are the functions of pseudostratified epithelium?

Answer 30

secretes and propels respiratory mucus

Question 31

Where are simple columnar epithelium found?

Answer 31

Found in upper respiratory tract including trachea and nasal cavities.

Question 32

_____ membranes consists of a mucous-producing __________, and underlying layer of vascular connective tissue called ______ _______ and a thin layer of smooth muscle called __________ _______.

Answer 32

Mucous; epithelium; lamina propria, muscularis mucosae

Question 33

Mucous membranes line passageways that open to the exterior: _________ tract, ___________ tract, _______ tract, and the ____________ tracts.

Answer 33

digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive